18.209
Upadeśasāhasrī / 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि) / 18.209
कर्ता दुःखी च मा भूवमिति यत्नो भवेत् ततः
kartā duḥkhī ca mā bhūvam iti yatno bhavet tataḥ
The line
An agent, pain and, mā (मा), bhūva (भूव) thus, a compound: which, that which, and not, would be, from that, then.
Where it sits
In Upadeśasāhasrī (उपदेशसाहस्री), prakaraṇa (प्रकरण) 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि). That thou art. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: kartā (कर्ता) + duḥkhī (दुःखी) + ca (च) + mā (मा) + bhūvam (भूवम्) + iti (इति) + yat-naḥ (यत्-नः) + bhavet (भवेत्) + tataḥ (ततः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kartā (कर्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | an agent |
| duḥkhī (दुःखी) | nominative or accusative dual, feminine, or nominative singular, feminine | pain |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| mā (मा) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| bhūvam (भूवम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | bhūva (भूव) |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | thus. It closes a quote or a thought |
| yat-naḥ (यत्-नः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: which, that which, and not. Read it from the end |
| bhavet (भवेत्) | optative, third person singular | would be |
| tataḥ (ततः) | indeclinable | from that, then |
The phrases
kartā (कर्ता) is an agent. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. duḥkhī (दुःखी) is pain. It stands as nominative or accusative dual, feminine, or nominative singular, feminine. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. mā (मा) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. bhūvam (भूवम्) is bhūva (भूव). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
iti (इति) is thus. It closes a quote or a thought. It stands as indeclinable. yat-naḥ (यत्-नः) is a compound: which, that which, and not. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it yatno. bhavet (भवेत्) is would be. It stands as optative, third person singular. tataḥ (ततः) is from that, then. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
yat-naḥ (यत्-नः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it yatno.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss kartā (कर्ता) and duḥkhī (दुःखी).