18.215
Upadeśasāhasrī / 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि) / 18.215
कथं हीदं निवर्तेत दुःखं सर्वात्मना मम
kathaṃ hīdaṃ nivarteta duḥkhaṃ sarvātmanā mama
The line
How. This, nivarteta (निवर्तेत), pain, a compound: all, and the self, of of me.
Where it sits
In Upadeśasāhasrī (उपदेशसाहस्री), prakaraṇa (प्रकरण) 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि). That thou art. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: kathaṃ (कथं) + hi (हि) + idaṃ (इदं) + nivarteta (निवर्तेत) + duḥkhaṃ (दुःखं) + sarva-ātman-ā (सर्व-आत्मन्-आ) + mama (मम)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kathaṃ (कथं) | indeclinable | how |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| idaṃ (इदं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | this |
| nivarteta (निवर्तेत) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| duḥkhaṃ (दुःखं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | pain |
| sarva-ātman-ā (सर्व-आत्मन्-आ) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | a compound: all, and the self. Read it from the end |
| mama (मम) | genitive singular | of me |
The phrases
kathaṃ (कथं) is how. It stands as indeclinable. hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. idaṃ (इदं) is this. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. The line joins them as hīdaṃ (हीदं). nivarteta (निवर्तेत) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it.
duḥkhaṃ (दुःखं) is pain. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. sarva-ātman-ā (सर्व-आत्मन्-आ) is a compound: all, and the self. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. mama (मम) is of me. It stands as genitive singular.
Sanskrit in this line
sarva-ātman-ā (सर्व-आत्मन्-आ) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line joins them as hīdaṃ (हीदं).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss idaṃ (इदं) and nivarteta (निवर्तेत).