1.2
Upadeśasāhasrī / 1. Caitanya (चैतन्य) / 1.2
समापय्य क्रियाः सर्वा दाराग्न्याधानपूर्विकाः ब्रह्मविद्यामथेदानीं वक्तुं वेदः प्रचक्रमे
samāpayya kriyāḥ sarvā dārāgnyādhānapūrvikāḥ brahmavidyām athedānīṃ vaktuṃ vedaḥ pracakrame
The line
Having completed all the rites that begin with marriage and the laying of the fire, the Veda now set out to speak the knowledge of Brahman (ब्रह्मन्).
नेपालीमा
विवाह र अग्नि स्थापनाबाट सुरु हुने सबै विधि पूरा भएपछि वेद अब ब्रह्मको ज्ञान भन्न लागेको छ।
Where it sits
Verse 1 honored awareness. Verse 2 places the book: after karma (कर्म), the Veda turns to brahmavidyā (ब्रह्मविद्या). Verse 3 will say why karma (कर्म) does not end by itself.
Split: samāpayya (समापय्य) + kriyāḥ (क्रियाः) + sarvāḥ (सर्वाः) + dāra-agni-ādhāna-pūrvikāḥ (दार-अग्नि-आधान-पूर्विकाः) + brahma-vidyām (ब्रह्म-विद्याम्) + atha (अथ) + idānīm (इदानीम्) + vaktum (वक्तुम्) + vedaḥ (वेदः) + pracakrame (प्रचक्रमे)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| samāpayya (समापय्य) | absolutive | having brought to completion. From sam-āp (सम्-आप्). |
| kriyāḥ (क्रियाः) | accusative plural, feminine | the rites, the acts. |
| sarvāḥ (सर्वाः) | accusative plural, feminine | all. Agrees with kriyāḥ (क्रियाः). |
| dāra-agni-ādhāna-pūrvikāḥ (दार-अग्नि-आधान-पूर्विकाः) | accusative plural, feminine | which have the taking of a wife and the laying of the fire as their beginning. dāra (दार) is a wife. ādhāna (आधान) of the agni (अग्नि) is setting the household fire. pūrvikā (पूर्विका) means 'having that as prior.' |
| brahma-vidyām (ब्रह्म-विद्याम्) | accusative singular, feminine | the knowledge of Brahman (ब्रह्मन्). This is what is about to be spoken. |
| atha (अथ) | indeclinable | now, at this turn. |
| idānīm (इदानीम्) | indeclinable | now. athedānīm (अथेदानीम्) is atha (अथ) plus idānīm (इदानीम्). |
| vaktum (वक्तुम्) | infinitive | in order to say. |
| vedaḥ (वेदः) | nominative singular, masculine | the Veda. |
| pracakrame (प्रचक्रमे) | perfect, third person singular, middle | it set out, it began. From pra-kram (प्र-क्रम्). |
The phrases
vedaḥ (वेदः) is the subject of pracakrame (प्रचक्रमे). samāpayya (समापय्य) is the prior act: the rites are finished, and then this speaking starts. The infinitive vaktum (वक्तुम्) says the purpose.
The rites named are the householder's beginning, wife and fire, not a list of every sacrifice. ādi (आदि) is not in the verse. pūrvikā (पूर्विका) does that job.
Sanskrit in this line
atha (अथ) here is the same 'now' as in athāto brahmajijñāsā (अथातो ब्रह्मजिज्ञासा), the first line of the Brahma-sūtra (ब्रह्म-सूत्र). The turn is from act to knowledge.
Say it back
What had to be completed before the Veda began this speaking?