19.20
Upadeśasāhasrī / 19. Jvaranāśa (ज्वरनाश) / 19.20
सतो ह्यसत्त्वादसतश् च सत्त्वतो न च क्रिया कारकमित्यतोऽप्यजम्
sato hy asattvād asataś ca sattvato na ca kriyā kārakam ity ato 'py ajam
The line
Of of what is. Because of a compound: what is not, and the state of being that, what is not and, a compound: what is, but, and therefore, not and, an action, a factor of an action thus, therefore. ataḥ (अतः) before a voiced sound, also, even. api before a vowel, ajam (अजम्).
Where it sits
In Upadeśasāhasrī (उपदेशसाहस्री), prakaraṇa (प्रकरण) 19. Jvaranāśa (ज्वरनाश). The destruction of the fever. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: sataḥ (सतः) + hy (ह्य्) + asat-tvāt (असत्-त्वात्) + asataḥ (असतः) + ca (च) + sad-tu-ataḥ (सद्-तु-अतः) + na (न) + ca (च) + kriyā (क्रिया) + kārakam (कारकम्) + ity (इत्य्) + ato (अतो) + apy (अप्य्) + ajam (अजम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sataḥ (सतः) | genitive or ablative singular, present participle | of what is |
| hy (ह्य्) | indeclinable | for, indeed. hi before a vowel |
| asat-tvāt (असत्-त्वात्) | ablative singular | a compound: what is not, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
| asataḥ (असतः) | nominative singular, masculine | what is not |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| sad-tu-ataḥ (सद्-तु-अतः) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: what is, but, and therefore. Read it from the end |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| kriyā (क्रिया) | nominative singular, feminine | an action |
| kārakam (कारकम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a factor of an action |
| ity (इत्य्) | indeclinable | thus. iti before a vowel |
| ato (अतो) | indeclinable | therefore. ataḥ (अतः) before a voiced sound |
| apy (अप्य्) | indeclinable | also, even. api before a vowel |
| ajam (अजम्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
The phrases
sataḥ (सतः) is of what is. It stands as genitive or ablative singular, present participle. The line writes it sato. hy (ह्य्) is for, indeed. hi before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. asat-tvāt (असत्-त्वात्) is a compound: what is not, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. The line writes it asattvād (असत्त्वाद्). asataḥ (असतः) is what is not. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it asataś (असतश्). ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. sad-tu-ataḥ (सद्-तु-अतः) is a compound: what is, but, and therefore. Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. The line writes it sattvato. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable.
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. kriyā (क्रिया) is an action. It stands as nominative singular, feminine. kārakam (कारकम्) is a factor of an action. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. ity (इत्य्) is thus. iti before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. ato (अतो) is therefore. ataḥ (अतः) before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. apy (अप्य्) is also, even. api before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. ajam (अजम्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it.
Sanskrit in this line
sad-tu-ataḥ (सद्-तु-अतः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it sato. The line writes it asattvād (असत्त्वाद्). The line writes it asataś (असतश्). The line writes it sattvato. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss sataḥ (सतः) and hy (ह्य्).