1.8
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 1. Pratyaya (प्रत्यय) / 1.8
अनारम्बण एवायं सन् धर्म उपदिश्यते अथानारम्बणे धर्मे कुत आरम्बणं पुनः
anārambaṇa evāyaṃ san dharma upadiśyate athānārambaṇe dharme kuta ārambaṇaṃ punaḥ
The line
This dharma (धर्म), existing, is taught as being precisely without an object-support. Now if the dharma (धर्म) is without an object-support, what has become of the object-support?
नेपालीमा
भएको यो धर्म आलम्बनबिना नै भनी सिकाइन्छ। धर्म आलम्बन बिना हो भने आलम्बन के भयो?
Where it sits
Verse 1.7 was the hetu (हेतु). Verse 1.8 is the ārambaṇa (आरम्बण). Verse 1.9 is the immediate condition, anantara (अनन्तर): cessation does not fit while things have not arisen, so nothing has ceased for an immediate condition to follow.
Split: anārambaṇaḥ (अनारम्बणः) + eva (एव) + ayam (अयम्) + san (सन्) + dharmaḥ (धर्मः) + upadiśyate (उपदिश्यते) + atha (अथ) + anārambaṇe (अनारम्बणे) + dharme (धर्मे) + kutas (कुत) + ārambaṇam (आरम्बणम्) + punaḥ (पुनः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| anārambaṇaḥ (अनारम्बणः) | nominative singular, masculine | without an ārambaṇa (आरम्बण), without an object-support. Written anārambaṇa (अनारम्बण) before eva (एव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | just, precisely. |
| ayam (अयम्) | nominative singular, masculine | this. |
| san (सन्) | nominative singular, masculine | as existent, while it is. |
| dharmaḥ (धर्मः) | nominative singular, masculine | a dharma (धर्म). |
| upadiśyate (उपदिश्यते) | present passive, third person singular | is taught. |
| atha (अथ) | indeclinable | and then, now. |
| anārambaṇe (अनारम्बणे) | locative singular, masculine | when it is without an object-support. |
| dharme (धर्मे) | locative singular, masculine | when the dharma (धर्म) is so. Locative absolute with anārambaṇe (अनारम्बणे). |
| kutas (कुत) | indeclinable | from where, how so. |
| ārambaṇam (आरम्बणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the object-support. The second condition. |
| punaḥ (पुनः) | indeclinable | after that, anymore. |
The phrases
A dharma (धर्म) that already is, is taught as not having its object in front of it as a support it depends on. The question follows: once the dharma (धर्म) is without ārambaṇa (आरम्बण), where is the ārambaṇa (आरम्बण) supposed to be?
The spelling is this pāṭha (पाठ)'s ārambaṇa (आरम्बण), as in verse 1.2.
Sanskrit in this line
A locative absolute again: anārambaṇe dharme (अनारम्बणे धर्मे), 'the dharma (धर्म) being without object-support.' kutaḥ (कुतः) asks for the whereabouts of the thing the condition was named after.
Say it back
Which of the four conditions is this verse about?