Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 18. Ātman (आत्मन्)

18. Ātman (आत्मन्)

Summary

Chapter 18 is the self, the chapter the āstika (आस्तिक) books are arguing with. The self is not identical with the aggregates and not other than them. What is called a person is a designation in dependence. The verses also say what is left for speech when proliferation quiets. They do not install a hidden self behind that quiet.

नेपालीमा

अध्याय १८ आत्मा हो, जुन अध्यायसँग आस्तिक पुस्तकहरूले विवाद गर्छन्। आत्मा स्कन्धसँग एक होइन, तिनीभन्दा अर्को होइन। व्यक्ति भनिने कुरा निर्भर संज्ञा हो। प्रपञ्च शान्त हुँदा वचनका लागि के बाँकी रहन्छ, त्यो पनि श्लोकहरूले भन्छन्। त्यो शान्तिका पछाडि लुकेको आत्मा राख्दैनन्।

The self. The chapter the āstika (आस्तिक) books are arguing with.

12 of 12 lines in this chapter are written out word by word.

Line
18.1	आत्मा स्कन्धा यदि भवेदुदयव्ययभाग् भवेत् । स्कन्धेभ्योऽन्यो यदि भवेद् भवेदस्कन्धलक्षणः ātmā skandhā yadi bhaved udayavyayabhāg bhavet / skandhebhyo 'nyo yadi bhaved bhaved askandhalakṣaṇaḥ The self, an aggregate of matter, if, would be. bhavet before a voiced sound, udayavyayabhāg (उदयव्ययभाग्), would be, skandhebhya (स्कन्धेभ्य), another, if.
18.2	आत्मन्यसति चात्मीयं कुत एव भविष्यति । निर्ममो निरहंकारः शमादात्मात्मनीनयोः ātmany asati cātmīyaṃ kuta eva bhaviṣyati / nirmamo nirahaṃkāraḥ śamād ātmātmanīnayoḥ ātmany (आत्मन्य्), in what is not, cātmīya (चात्मीय), from where, how just, will be, nirmama (निर्मम), nirahaṃkāra (निरहंकार), because of śama (शम), of a compound: ātmā (आत्मा).
18.3	निर्ममो निरहंकारो यश् च सोऽपि न विद्यते । निर्ममं निरहंकारं यः पश्यति न पश्यति nirmamo nirahaṃkāro yaś ca so 'pi na vidyate / nirmamaṃ nirahaṃkāraṃ yaḥ paśyati na paśyati nirmama (निर्मम), nirahaṃkāra (निरहंकार), who, which and, he, that. saḥ (सः) before a voiced sound even, not is found, nirmama (निर्मम), nirahaṃkāra (निरहंकार), who, which.
18.4	ममेत्यहमिति क्षीणे बहिर्धाध्यात्ममेव च । निरुध्यत उपादानं तत्क्षयाज् जन्मनः क्षयः mamety aham iti kṣīṇe bahirdhādhyātmam eva ca / nirudhyata upādānaṃ tatkṣayāj janmanaḥ kṣayaḥ Of of me thus, I thus, in kṣīṇa (क्षीण), bahirdhādhyātma (बहिर्धाध्यात्म) just and, nirudhyata (निरुध्यत), the material, because of a compound: that, and destruction.
18.5	कर्मक्लेशक्षयान् मोक्षः कर्मक्लेशा विकल्पतः । ते प्रपञ्चात् प्रपञ्चस् तु शून्यतायां निरुध्यते karmakleśakṣayān mokṣaḥ karmakleśā vikalpataḥ / te prapañcāt prapañcas tu śūnyatāyāṃ nirudhyate A compound: action, an affliction, and destruction, release, a compound: action, and an affliction, a compound: an alternative, a.
18.6	आत्मेत्यपि प्रज्ञपितमनात्मेत्यपि देशितम् । बुद्धैर् नात्मा न चानात्मा कश्चिदित्यपि देशितम् ātmety api prajñapitam anātmety api deśitam / buddhair nātmā na cānātmā kaścid ity api deśitam The self thus even, prajñapita (प्रज्ञपित), not the self thus even, deśita (देशित), by means of one who has woken, not the self, not cānātma (चानात्म), someone.
18.7	निवृत्तमभिधातव्यं निवृत्तश् चित्तगोचरः । अनुत्पन्नानिरुद्धा हि निर्वाणमिव धर्मता nivṛttam abhidhātavyaṃ nivṛttaś cittagocaraḥ / anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇam iva dharmatā The stopping, abhidhātavya (अभिधातव्य), the stopping, a compound: the mind, and gocara (गोचर), anutpannāniruddha (अनुत्पन्नानिरुद्ध). Release, like, as if, a compound:.
18.8	सर्वं तथ्यं न वा तथ्यं तथ्यं चातथ्यमेव च । नैवातथ्यं नैव तथ्यमेतद् बुद्धानुशासनम् sarvaṃ tathyaṃ na vā tathyaṃ tathyaṃ cātathyam eva ca / naivātathyaṃ naiva tathyam etad buddhānuśāsanam All, tathya (तथ्य), not or, tathya (तथ्य), tathya (तथ्य), cātathya (चातथ्य) just and, not evātathya (एवातथ्य), not just, tathya (तथ्य), this, buddhānuśāsana (बुद्धानुशासन).
18.9	अपरप्रत्ययं शान्तं प्रपञ्चैरप्रपञ्चितम् । निर्विकल्पमनानार्थमेतत् तत्त्वस्य लक्षणम् aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcair aprapañcitam / nirvikalpam anānārtham etat tattvasya lakṣaṇam A compound: apara (अपर), and a condition, śānta (शान्त), prapañcair (प्रपञ्चैर्), aprapañcita (अप्रपञ्चित), nirvikalpa (निर्विकल्प), anānārtha (अनानार्थ), this, of a reality, what is so, a.
18.10	प्रतीत्य यद् यद् भवति न हि तावत् तदेव तत् । न चान्यदपि तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्नं नापि शाश्वतम् pratītya yad yad bhavati na hi tāvat tad eva tat / na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam Having depended on, which, which, is, becomes, not. So long, so far, first, that just, that, not in cānyadapa (चान्यदप), tattasmānnocchinna (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्न), not.
18.11	अनेकार्थमनानार्थमनुच्छेदमशाश्वतम् । एतत् तल् लोकनाथानां बुद्धानां शासनामृतम् anekārtham anānārtham anucchedam aśāśvatam / etat tal lokanāthānāṃ buddhānāṃ śāsanāmṛtam A compound: several, and a thing, a meaning, anānārtha (अनानार्थ), anuccheda (अनुच्छेद), aśāśvata (अशाश्वत), this, tal (तल्), of a compound: the world, not, and now, of.
18.12	संबुद्धानामनुत्पादे श्रावकाणां पुनः क्षये । ज्ञानं प्रत्येकबुद्धानामसंसर्गात् प्रवर्तते saṃbuddhānām anutpāde śrāvakāṇāṃ punaḥ kṣaye / jñānaṃ pratyekabuddhānām asaṃsargāt pravartate A compound: saṃbu (संबु), ddhā (द्धा), and by name, indeed, in anutpāda (अनुत्पाद), of śrāvaka (श्रावक), again, in destruction, knowing, of a compound: each, and.