3.4
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 3. Cakṣurādīndriya (चक्षुरादीन्द्रिय) / 3.4
नापश्यमानं भवति यदा किं चन दर्शनम् दर्शनं पश्यतीत्येवं कथमेतत् तु युज्यते
nāpaśyamānaṃ bhavati yadā kiṃ cana darśanam darśanaṃ paśyatīty evaṃ katham etat tu yujyate
The line
A compound: nāpaśya (नापश्य), and a measure, a means of knowing, is, becomes, when, what, at all, with a question word, seeing, seeing, sees thus thus, how, this but, fits.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 3. Cakṣurādīndriya (चक्षुरादीन्द्रिय). The eye and the other senses. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: nāpaśya-mānaṃ (नापश्य-मानं) + bhavati (भवति) + yadā (यदा) + kiṃ (किं) + cana (चन) + darśanam (दर्शनम्) + darśanaṃ (दर्शनं) + paśyati (पश्यति) + ity (इत्य्) + evaṃ (एवं) + katham (कथम्) + etat (एतत्) + tu (तु) + yujyate (युज्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| nāpaśya-mānaṃ (नापश्य-मानं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: nāpaśya (नापश्य), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end |
| bhavati (भवति) | present, third person singular | is, becomes |
| yadā (यदा) | indeclinable | when |
| kiṃ (किं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | what |
| cana (चन) | indeclinable | at all, with a question word |
| darśanam (दर्शनम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | seeing |
| darśanaṃ (दर्शनं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | seeing |
| paśyati (पश्यति) | present, third person singular | sees |
| ity (इत्य्) | indeclinable | thus. iti before a vowel |
| evaṃ (एवं) | indeclinable | in this way |
| katham (कथम्) | indeclinable | how |
| etat (एतत्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | this |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but, and now |
| yujyate (युज्यते) | present, third person singular | fits |
The phrases
nāpaśya-mānaṃ (नापश्य-मानं) is a compound: nāpaśya (नापश्य), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. bhavati (भवति) is is, becomes. It stands as present, third person singular. yadā (यदा) is when. It stands as indeclinable. kiṃ (किं) is what. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. cana (चन) is at all, with a question word. It stands as indeclinable. darśanam (दर्शनम्) is seeing. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. darśanaṃ (दर्शनं) is seeing. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
paśyati (पश्यति) is sees. It stands as present, third person singular. ity (इत्य्) is thus. iti before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as paśyatīty (पश्यतीत्य्). evaṃ (एवं) is in this way. It stands as indeclinable. katham (कथम्) is how. It stands as indeclinable. etat (एतत्) is this. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. tu (तु) is but, and now. It stands as indeclinable. yujyate (युज्यते) is fits. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
nāpaśya-mānaṃ (नापश्य-मानं) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line joins them as paśyatīty (पश्यतीत्य्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss nāpaśya-mānaṃ (नापश्य-मानं) and bhavati (भवति).