5.8
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 5. Dhātu (धातु) / 5.8
अस्तित्वं ये तु पश्यन्ति नास्तित्वं चाल्पबुद्धयः भावानां ते न पश्यन्ति द्रष्टव्योपशमं शिवम्
astitvaṃ ye tu paśyanti nāstitvaṃ cālpabuddhayaḥ bhāvānāṃ te na paśyanti draṣṭavyopaśamaṃ śivam
The line
Is, you, who, which but, in paśyanta (पश्यन्त), is not, you, a compound: cālpa (चाल्प), one who has woken, and yaḥa (यःअ), of of beings, they, those, not in paśyanta (पश्यन्त), draṣṭavyopaśama (द्रष्टव्योपशम), śiva (शिव).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 5. Dhātu (धातु). The elements. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: asti (अस्ति) + tvaṃ (त्वं) + ye (ये) + tu (तु) + paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) + nāsti (नास्ति) + tvaṃ (त्वं) + cālpa-buddha-yaḥa (चाल्प-बुद्ध-यःअ) + bhāvānāṃ (भावानां) + te (ते) + na (न) + paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) + draṣṭavyopaśamaṃ (द्रष्टव्योपशमं) + śivam (शिवम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| asti (अस्ति) | present, third person singular | is |
| tvaṃ (त्वं) | nominative singular | you |
| ye (ये) | nominative plural, masculine | who, which |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but, and now |
| paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | paśyanta (पश्यन्त) |
| nāsti (नास्ति) | present, third person singular | is not |
| tvaṃ (त्वं) | nominative singular | you |
| cālpa-buddha-yaḥa (चाल्प-बुद्ध-यःअ) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: cālpa (चाल्प), one who has woken, and yaḥa (यःअ). Read it from the end |
| bhāvānāṃ (भावानां) | genitive plural | of beings |
| te (ते) | nominative plural, masculine | they, those |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | paśyanta (पश्यन्त) |
| draṣṭavyopaśamaṃ (द्रष्टव्योपशमं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | draṣṭavyopaśama (द्रष्टव्योपशम) |
| śivam (शिवम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | śiva (शिव) |
The phrases
asti (अस्ति) is is. It stands as present, third person singular. tvaṃ (त्वं) is you. It stands as nominative singular. The line joins them as astitvaṃ (अस्तित्वं). ye (ये) is who, which. It stands as nominative plural, masculine. tu (तु) is but, and now. It stands as indeclinable. paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) is paśyanta (पश्यन्त). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. nāsti (नास्ति) is is not. It stands as present, third person singular. tvaṃ (त्वं) is you. It stands as nominative singular. The line joins them as nāstitvaṃ (नास्तित्वं).
cālpa-buddha-yaḥa (चाल्प-बुद्ध-यःअ) is a compound: cālpa (चाल्प), one who has woken, and yaḥa (यःअ). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. bhāvānāṃ (भावानां) is of beings. It stands as genitive plural. te (ते) is they, those. It stands as nominative plural, masculine. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. paśyanti (पश्यन्ति) is paśyanta (पश्यन्त). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. draṣṭavyopaśamaṃ (द्रष्टव्योपशमं) is draṣṭavyopaśama (द्रष्टव्योपशम). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. śivam (शिवम्) is śiva (शिव). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
cālpa-buddha-yaḥa (चाल्प-बुद्ध-यःअ) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line joins them as astitvaṃ (अस्तित्वं). The line joins them as nāstitvaṃ (नास्तित्वं).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss asti (अस्ति) and tvaṃ (त्वं).