7.9
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 7. Saṃskṛta (संस्कृत) / 7.9
प्रदीपे नान्धकारोऽस्ति यत्र चासौ प्रतिष्ठितः किं प्रकाशयते दीपः प्रकाशो हि तमोवधः
pradīpe nāndhakāro 'sti yatra cāsau pratiṣṭhitaḥ kiṃ prakāśayate dīpaḥ prakāśo hi tamovadhaḥ
The line
In pradīpa (प्रदीप), not andhakāra (अन्धकार), is, where and, that one, a compound: toward, against, and ṣṭhita (ष्ठित), what, in a compound: light, and which, that which, dīpa (दीप), light. tamovadha (तमोवध).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 7. Saṃskṛta (संस्कृत). The conditioned, arising, staying, ceasing. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: pradīpe (प्रदीपे) + na (न) + andhakāro (अन्धकारो) + asti (अस्ति) + yatra (यत्र) + ca (च) + asau (असौ) + prati-ṣṭhitaḥ (प्रति-ष्ठितः) + kiṃ (किं) + prakāśa-yat-e (प्रकाश-यत्-ए) + dīpaḥ (दीपः) + prakāśaḥ (प्रकाशः) + hi (हि) + tamovadhaḥ (तमोवधः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pradīpe (प्रदीपे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | pradīpa (प्रदीप) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| andhakāro (अन्धकारो) | nominative singular, masculine | andhakāra (अन्धकार) |
| asti (अस्ति) | present, third person singular | is |
| yatra (यत्र) | indeclinable | where |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| asau (असौ) | nominative singular | that one |
| prati-ṣṭhitaḥ (प्रति-ष्ठितः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: toward, against, and ṣṭhita (ष्ठित). Read it from the end |
| kiṃ (किं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | what |
| prakāśa-yat-e (प्रकाश-यत्-ए) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: light, and which, that which. Read it from the end |
| dīpaḥ (दीपः) | nominative singular, masculine | dīpa (दीप) |
| prakāśaḥ (प्रकाशः) | nominative singular, masculine | light |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| tamovadhaḥ (तमोवधः) | nominative singular, masculine | tamovadha (तमोवध) |
The phrases
pradīpe (प्रदीपे) is pradīpa (प्रदीप). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. andhakāro (अन्धकारो) is andhakāra (अन्धकार). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. asti (अस्ति) is is. It stands as present, third person singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. yatra (यत्र) is where. It stands as indeclinable. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. asau (असौ) is that one. It stands as nominative singular. The line joins them as cāsau (चासौ).
prati-ṣṭhitaḥ (प्रति-ष्ठितः) is a compound: toward, against, and ṣṭhita (ष्ठित). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kiṃ (किं) is what. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. prakāśa-yat-e (प्रकाश-यत्-ए) is a compound: light, and which, that which. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. dīpaḥ (दीपः) is dīpa (दीप). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. prakāśaḥ (प्रकाशः) is light. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it prakāśo (प्रकाशो). hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. tamovadhaḥ (तमोवधः) is tamovadha (तमोवध). It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
prati-ṣṭhitaḥ (प्रति-ष्ठितः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line joins them as cāsau (चासौ). The line writes it prakāśo (प्रकाशो).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pradīpe (प्रदीपे) and andhakāro (अन्धकारो).