8.7
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 8. Karmakāraka (कर्मकारक) / 8.7
कारकः सदसद्भूतः सदसत् कुरुते न तत् परस्परविरुद्धं हि सच् चासच् चैकतः कुतः
kārakaḥ sadasadbhūtaḥ sadasat kurute na tat parasparaviruddhaṃ hi sac cāsac caikataḥ kutaḥ
The line
A factor of an action, sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत), sadasat (सदसत्), in kuruta (कुरुत), not that, a compound: another, the higher, spara (स्पर), and a contradictory reason. sac (सच्), cāsac (चासच्), caikata (चैकत), from where, how.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 8. Karmakāraka (कर्मकारक). The act and the agent. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: kārakaḥ (कारकः) + sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः) + sadasat (सदसत्) + kurute (कुरुते) + na (न) + tat (तत्) + para-spara-viruddhaṃ (पर-स्पर-विरुद्धं) + hi (हि) + sac (सच्) + cāsac (चासच्) + caikataḥ (चैकतः) + kutaḥ (कुतः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kārakaḥ (कारकः) | nominative singular, masculine | a factor of an action |
| sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः) | nominative singular, masculine | sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत) |
| sadasat (सदसत्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| kurute (कुरुते) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | kuruta (कुरुत) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| tat (तत्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| para-spara-viruddhaṃ (पर-स्पर-विरुद्धं) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: another, the higher, spara (स्पर), and a contradictory reason. Read it from the end |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| sac (सच्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| cāsac (चासच्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| caikataḥ (चैकतः) | nominative singular, masculine | caikata (चैकत) |
| kutaḥ (कुतः) | indeclinable | from where, how |
The phrases
kārakaḥ (कारकः) is a factor of an action. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः) is sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. sadasat (सदसत्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. kurute (कुरुते) is kuruta (कुरुत). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. tat (तत्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
para-spara-viruddhaṃ (पर-स्पर-विरुद्धं) is a compound: another, the higher, spara (स्पर), and a contradictory reason. Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. sac (सच्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. cāsac (चासच्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. caikataḥ (चैकतः) is caikata (चैकत). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kutaḥ (कुतः) is from where, how. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
para-spara-viruddhaṃ (पर-स्पर-विरुद्धं) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss kārakaḥ (कारकः) and sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः).