8.9
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 8. Karmakāraka (कर्मकारक) / 8.9
नासद्भूतं न सद्भूतः सदसद्भूतमेव वा करोति कारकः कर्म पूर्वोक्तैरेव हेतुभिः
nāsadbhūtaṃ na sadbhūtaḥ sadasadbhūtam eva vā karoti kārakaḥ karma pūrvoktair eva hetubhiḥ
The line
Not asadbhūta (असद्भूत), not a compound: what is, and an element, sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत) just or, does, makes, a factor of an action, an action, by means of a compound: the earlier, and what has been said just, by means of a reason.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 8. Karmakāraka (कर्मकारक). The act and the agent. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: na (न) + asadbhūtaṃ (असद्भूतं) + na (न) + sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः) + sadasadbhūtam (सदसद्भूतम्) + eva (एव) + vā (वा) + karoti (करोति) + kārakaḥ (कारकः) + karma (कर्म) + pūrva-uktaiḥ (पूर्व-उक्तैः) + eva (एव) + hetubhiḥ (हेतुभिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| asadbhūtaṃ (असद्भूतं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | asadbhūta (असद्भूत) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: what is, and an element. Read it from the end |
| sadasadbhūtam (सदसद्भूतम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत) |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| karoti (करोति) | present, third person singular | does, makes |
| kārakaḥ (कारकः) | nominative singular, masculine | a factor of an action |
| karma (कर्म) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | an action |
| pūrva-uktaiḥ (पूर्व-उक्तैः) | instrumental plural | a compound: the earlier, and what has been said. Read it from the end |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| hetubhiḥ (हेतुभिः) | instrumental plural | a reason |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. asadbhūtaṃ (असद्भूतं) is asadbhūta (असद्भूत). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः) is a compound: what is, and an element. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. sadasadbhūtam (सदसद्भूतम्) is sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable.
karoti (करोति) is does, makes. It stands as present, third person singular. kārakaḥ (कारकः) is a factor of an action. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. karma (कर्म) is an action. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. pūrva-uktaiḥ (पूर्व-उक्तैः) is a compound: the earlier, and what has been said. Read it from the end. It stands as instrumental plural. The line writes it pūrvoktair (पूर्वोक्तैर्). eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. hetubhiḥ (हेतुभिः) is a reason. It stands as instrumental plural.
Sanskrit in this line
sadasadbhūtam (सदसद्भूतम्) is accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line writes it pūrvoktair (पूर्वोक्तैर्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss asadbhūtaṃ (असद्भूतं) and sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः).