9.12
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 9. Pūrva (पूर्व) / 9.12
प्राक् च यो दर्शनादिभ्यः सांप्रतं चोर्ध्वमेव च न विद्यतेऽस्ति नास्तीति निवृत्तास् तत्र कल्पनाः
prāk ca yo darśanādibhyaḥ sāṃprataṃ cordhvam eva ca na vidyate 'sti nāstīti nivṛttās tatra kalpanāḥ
The line
Before and, who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound, for a compound: the new-moon rite, and nāda (नाद), sāṃprata (सांप्रत), a compound: and, and upward just and, not is found, is, is not thus, the stopping, there, a supposition.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 9. Pūrva (पूर्व). The earlier, the seer before the seeing. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: prāk (प्राक्) + ca (च) + yo (यो) + darśa-nādibhyaḥ (दर्श-नादिभ्यः) + sāṃprataṃ (सांप्रतं) + ca-ūrdhvam (च-ऊर्ध्वम्) + eva (एव) + ca (च) + na (न) + vidyate (विद्यते) + asti (अस्ति) + nāsti (नास्ति) + iti (इति) + nivṛttāḥ (निवृत्ताः) + tatra (तत्र) + kalpanāḥ (कल्पनाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prāk (प्राक्) | indeclinable | before |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| yo (यो) | nominative singular, masculine | who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound |
| darśa-nādibhyaḥ (दर्श-नादिभ्यः) | dative or ablative plural | a compound: the new-moon rite, and nāda (नाद). Read it from the end |
| sāṃprataṃ (सांप्रतं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | sāṃprata (सांप्रत) |
| ca-ūrdhvam (च-ऊर्ध्वम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: and, and upward. Read it from the end |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
| asti (अस्ति) | present, third person singular | is |
| nāsti (नास्ति) | present, third person singular | is not |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | thus. It closes a quote or a thought |
| nivṛttāḥ (निवृत्ताः) | nominative plural | the stopping |
| tatra (तत्र) | indeclinable | there |
| kalpanāḥ (कल्पनाः) | nominative plural | a supposition |
The phrases
prāk (प्राक्) is before. It stands as indeclinable. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. yo (यो) is who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. darśa-nādibhyaḥ (दर्श-नादिभ्यः) is a compound: the new-moon rite, and nāda (नाद). Read it from the end. It stands as dative or ablative plural. sāṃprataṃ (सांप्रतं) is sāṃprata (सांप्रत). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. ca-ūrdhvam (च-ऊर्ध्वम्) is a compound: and, and upward. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular. asti (अस्ति) is is. It stands as present, third person singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. nāsti (नास्ति) is is not. It stands as present, third person singular. iti (इति) is thus. It closes a quote or a thought. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as nāstīti (नास्तीति). nivṛttāḥ (निवृत्ताः) is the stopping. It stands as nominative plural. The line writes it nivṛttās (निवृत्तास्). tatra (तत्र) is there. It stands as indeclinable. kalpanāḥ (कल्पनाः) is a supposition. It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
darśa-nādibhyaḥ (दर्श-नादिभ्यः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line joins them as nāstīti (नास्तीति). The line writes it nivṛttās (निवृत्तास्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prāk (प्राक्) and yo (यो).