11.1
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 11. Pūrvāparakoṭi (पूर्वापरकोटि) / 11.1
पूर्वा प्रज्ञायते कोटिर् नेत्युवाच महामुनिः संसारोऽनवराग्रो हि नास्यादिर् नापि पश्चिमम्
pūrvā prajñāyate koṭir nety uvāca mahāmuniḥ saṃsāro 'navarāgro hi nāsyādir nāpi paścimam
The line
The earlier, in prajñāyata (प्रज्ञायत), an end, not thus, uvāca (उवाच), mahāmuna (महामुन), the round, anavarāgra (अनवराग्र). nāsyādir (नास्यादिर्), not even, paścima (पश्चिम).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 11. Pūrvāparakoṭi (पूर्वापरकोटि). The first and the last end of the round. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: pūrvā (पूर्वा) + prajñāyate (प्रज्ञायते) + koṭiḥ (कोटिः) + na (न) + ity (इत्य्) + uvāca (उवाच) + mahāmuniḥ (महामुनिः) + saṃsāro (संसारो) + anavarāgro (अनवराग्रो) + hi (हि) + nāsyādir (नास्यादिर्) + na (न) + api (अपि) + paścimam (पश्चिमम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pūrvā (पूर्वा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | the earlier |
| prajñāyate (प्रज्ञायते) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | prajñāyata (प्रज्ञायत) |
| koṭiḥ (कोटिः) | nominative singular | an end |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| ity (इत्य्) | indeclinable | thus. iti before a vowel |
| uvāca (उवाच) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| mahāmuniḥ (महामुनिः) | nominative singular | mahāmuna (महामुन) |
| saṃsāro (संसारो) | nominative singular, masculine | the round |
| anavarāgro (अनवराग्रो) | nominative singular, masculine | anavarāgra (अनवराग्र) |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| nāsyādir (नास्यादिर्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | also, even |
| paścimam (पश्चिमम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | paścima (पश्चिम) |
The phrases
pūrvā (पूर्वा) is the earlier. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. prajñāyate (प्रज्ञायते) is prajñāyata (प्रज्ञायत). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. koṭiḥ (कोटिः) is an end. It stands as nominative singular. The line writes it koṭir (कोटिर्). na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. ity (इत्य्) is thus. iti before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as nety. uvāca (उवाच) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. mahāmuniḥ (महामुनिः) is mahāmuna (महामुन). It stands as nominative singular.
saṃsāro (संसारो) is the round. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. anavarāgro (अनवराग्रो) is anavarāgra (अनवराग्र). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. nāsyādir (नास्यादिर्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. api (अपि) is also, even. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as nāpi (नापि). paścimam (पश्चिमम्) is paścima (पश्चिम). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
The apostrophe is an avagraha. It marks an a that sandhi dropped. The sitting puts that a back. The line writes it koṭir (कोटिर्). The line joins them as nety. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line joins them as nāpi (नापि).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pūrvā (पूर्वा) and prajñāyate (प्रज्ञायते).