15.4
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 15. Svabhāva (स्वभाव) / 15.4
स्वभावपरभावाभ्यामृते भावः कुतः पुनः स्वभावे परभावे च सति भावो हि सिध्यति
svabhāvaparabhāvābhyām ṛte bhāvaḥ kutaḥ punaḥ svabhāve parabhāve ca sati bhāvo hi sidhyati
The line
By means of a compound: an own-nature, and an other-nature, without, a being, a state, from where, how, again, in an own-nature, in an other-nature and, in when it is, it being so, a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound. Is established.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 15. Svabhāva (स्वभाव). Own-nature. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: svabhāva-parabhāvābhyām (स्वभाव-परभावाभ्याम्) + ṛte (ऋते) + bhāvaḥ (भावः) + kutaḥ (कुतः) + punaḥ (पुनः) + svabhāve (स्वभावे) + parabhāve (परभावे) + ca (च) + sati (सति) + bhāvo (भावो) + hi (हि) + sidhyati (सिध्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| svabhāva-parabhāvābhyām (स्वभाव-परभावाभ्याम्) | instrumental, dative, or ablative dual | a compound: an own-nature, and an other-nature. Read it from the end |
| ṛte (ऋते) | indeclinable | without |
| bhāvaḥ (भावः) | nominative singular, masculine | a being, a state |
| kutaḥ (कुतः) | indeclinable | from where, how |
| punaḥ (पुनः) | indeclinable | again |
| svabhāve (स्वभावे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | an own-nature |
| parabhāve (परभावे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | an other-nature |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| sati (सति) | locative singular, present participle | when it is, it being so |
| bhāvo (भावो) | nominative singular, masculine | a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| sidhyati (सिध्यति) | present, third person singular | is established |
The phrases
svabhāva-parabhāvābhyām (स्वभाव-परभावाभ्याम्) is a compound: an own-nature, and an other-nature. Read it from the end. It stands as instrumental, dative, or ablative dual. ṛte (ऋते) is without. It stands as indeclinable. bhāvaḥ (भावः) is a being, a state. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kutaḥ (कुतः) is from where, how. It stands as indeclinable. punaḥ (पुनः) is again. It stands as indeclinable. svabhāve (स्वभावे) is an own-nature. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
parabhāve (परभावे) is an other-nature. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. sati (सति) is when it is, it being so. It stands as locative singular, present participle. bhāvo (भावो) is a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. sidhyati (सिध्यति) is is established. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
svabhāva-parabhāvābhyām (स्वभाव-परभावाभ्याम्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss svabhāva-parabhāvābhyām (स्वभाव-परभावाभ्याम्) and ṛte (ऋते).