15.11
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 15. Svabhāva (स्वभाव) / 15.11
अस्ति यद् धि स्वभावेन न तन् नास्तीति शाश्वतम् नास्तीदानीमभूत् पूर्वमित्युच्छेदः प्रसज्यते
asti yad dhi svabhāvena na tan nāstīti śāśvatam nāstīdānīm abhūt pūrvam ity ucchedaḥ prasajyate
The line
Is, which, in a thought, by means of an own-nature, not that. tat before n, is not thus, permanent, nāstīdānīm (नास्तीदानीम्), not an element, the earlier thus, cutting off, is forced as a consequence.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 15. Svabhāva (स्वभाव). Own-nature. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: asti (अस्ति) + yad (यद्) + dhi (धि) + svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) + na (न) + tan (तन्) + nāsti (नास्ति) + iti (इति) + śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्) + nāstīdānīm (नास्तीदानीम्) + a-bhūta (अ-भूत) + pūrvam (पूर्वम्) + ity (इत्य्) + ucchedaḥ (उच्छेदः) + prasajyate (प्रसज्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| asti (अस्ति) | present, third person singular | is |
| yad (यद्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | which |
| dhi (धि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a thought |
| svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) | instrumental singular | an own-nature |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| tan (तन्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that. tat before n |
| nāsti (नास्ति) | present, third person singular | is not |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | thus. It closes a quote or a thought |
| śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | permanent |
| nāstīdānīm (नास्तीदानीम्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| a-bhūta (अ-भूत) | the stem, as the line writes it | not an element |
| pūrvam (पूर्वम्) | accusative singular, masculine | the earlier |
| ity (इत्य्) | indeclinable | thus. iti before a vowel |
| ucchedaḥ (उच्छेदः) | nominative singular, masculine | cutting off |
| prasajyate (प्रसज्यते) | present, third person singular | is forced as a consequence |
The phrases
asti (अस्ति) is is. It stands as present, third person singular. yad (यद्) is which. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. dhi (धि) is a thought. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) is an own-nature. It stands as instrumental singular. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. tan (तन्) is that. tat before n. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. nāsti (नास्ति) is is not. It stands as present, third person singular. iti (इति) is thus. It closes a quote or a thought. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as nāstīti (नास्तीति).
śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्) is permanent. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. nāstīdānīm (नास्तीदानीम्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. a-bhūta (अ-भूत) is not an element. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. pūrvam (पूर्वम्) is the earlier. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. ity (इत्य्) is thus. iti before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. ucchedaḥ (उच्छेदः) is cutting off. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. prasajyate (प्रसज्यते) is is forced as a consequence. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) is instrumental singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line joins them as nāstīti (नास्तीति).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss asti (अस्ति) and dhi (धि).