17.10
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 17. Karmaphala (कर्मफल) / 17.10
चित्ताच् च यस्मात् संतानः संतानाच् च फलोद्भवः कर्मपूर्वं फलं तस्मान् नोच्छिन्नं नापि शाश्वतम्
cittāc ca yasmāt saṃtānaḥ saṃtānāc ca phalodbhavaḥ karmapūrvaṃ phalaṃ tasmān nocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam
The line
Because of the mind and, because of from which, because, saṃtāna (संतान), because of saṃtāna (संतान) and, a compound: a fruit, and arising, a compound: action, and the earlier, the fruit, therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before n, not ucchinna (उच्छिन्न), not even, permanent.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 17. Karmaphala (कर्मफल). Act and fruit. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: cittāt (चित्तात्) + ca (च) + yasmāt (यस्मात्) + saṃtānaḥ (संतानः) + saṃtānāc (संतानाच्) + ca (च) + phala-udbhavaḥ (फल-उद्भवः) + karma-pūrvaṃ (कर्म-पूर्वं) + phalaṃ (फलं) + tasmān (तस्मान्) + na (न) + ucchinnaṃ (उच्छिन्नं) + na (न) + api (अपि) + śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| cittāt (चित्तात्) | ablative singular | the mind |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| yasmāt (यस्मात्) | ablative singular | from which, because |
| saṃtānaḥ (संतानः) | nominative singular, masculine | saṃtāna (संतान) |
| saṃtānāc (संतानाच्) | ablative singular | saṃtāna (संतान) |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| phala-udbhavaḥ (फल-उद्भवः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: a fruit, and arising. Read it from the end |
| karma-pūrvaṃ (कर्म-पूर्वं) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: action, and the earlier. Read it from the end |
| phalaṃ (फलं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the fruit |
| tasmān (तस्मान्) | indeclinable | therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before n |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| ucchinnaṃ (उच्छिन्नं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | ucchinna (उच्छिन्न) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | also, even |
| śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | permanent |
The phrases
cittāt (चित्तात्) is the mind. It stands as ablative singular. The line writes it cittāc (चित्ताच्). ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. yasmāt (यस्मात्) is from which, because. It stands as ablative singular. saṃtānaḥ (संतानः) is saṃtāna (संतान). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. saṃtānāc (संतानाच्) is saṃtāna (संतान). It stands as ablative singular. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. phala-udbhavaḥ (फल-उद्भवः) is a compound: a fruit, and arising. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. karma-pūrvaṃ (कर्म-पूर्वं) is a compound: action, and the earlier. Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine.
phalaṃ (फलं) is the fruit. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. tasmān (तस्मान्) is therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before n. It stands as indeclinable. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. ucchinnaṃ (उच्छिन्नं) is ucchinna (उच्छिन्न). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. api (अपि) is also, even. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as nāpi (नापि). śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्) is permanent. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
phala-udbhavaḥ (फल-उद्भवः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it cittāc (चित्ताच्). The line joins them as nāpi (नापि).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss cittāt (चित्तात्) and yasmāt (यस्मात्).