17.28
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 17. Karmaphala (कर्मफल) / 17.28
अविद्यानिवृतो जन्तुस् तृष्णासंयोजनश् च सः स भोक्ता स च न कर्तुरन्यो न च स एव सः
avidyānivṛto jantus tṛṣṇāsaṃyojanaś ca saḥ sa bhoktā sa ca na kartur anyo na ca sa eva saḥ
The line
A compound: not-knowing, and nivṛta (निवृत), jantus (जन्तु), a compound: tṛṣṇā (तृष्णा), saṃyo (संयो), and a person and, he, that, he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant, an enjoyer, he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant and, not of an agent, another, not and, he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant just, he, that.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 17. Karmaphala (कर्मफल). Act and fruit. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: avidyā-nivṛtaḥ (अविद्या-निवृतः) + jantus (जन्तु) + tṛṣṇā-saṃyo-janaḥ (तृष्णा-संयो-जनः) + ca (च) + saḥ (सः) + sa (स) + bhoktā (भोक्ता) + sa (स) + ca (च) + na (न) + kartuḥ (कर्तुः) + anyaḥ (अन्यः) + na (न) + ca (च) + sa (स) + eva (एव) + saḥ (सः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| avidyā-nivṛtaḥ (अविद्या-निवृतः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: not-knowing, and nivṛta (निवृत). Read it from the end |
| jantus (जन्तु) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| tṛṣṇā-saṃyo-janaḥ (तृष्णा-संयो-जनः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: tṛṣṇā (तृष्णा), saṃyo (संयो), and a person. Read it from the end |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| bhoktā (भोक्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | an enjoyer |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| kartuḥ (कर्तुः) | genitive or ablative singular, masculine | an agent |
| anyaḥ (अन्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | another |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that |
The phrases
avidyā-nivṛtaḥ (अविद्या-निवृतः) is a compound: not-knowing, and nivṛta (निवृत). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it avidyānivṛto (अविद्यानिवृतो). jantus (जन्तु) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. tṛṣṇā-saṃyo-janaḥ (तृष्णा-संयो-जनः) is a compound: tṛṣṇā (तृष्णा), saṃyo (संयो), and a person. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it tṛṣṇāsaṃyojanaś (तृष्णासंयोजनश्). ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. saḥ (सः) is he, that. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. bhoktā (भोक्ता) is an enjoyer. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. kartuḥ (कर्तुः) is an agent. It stands as genitive or ablative singular, masculine. The line writes it kartur. anyaḥ (अन्यः) is another. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it anyo. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. saḥ (सः) is he, that. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
tṛṣṇā-saṃyo-janaḥ (तृष्णा-संयो-जनः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it avidyānivṛto (अविद्यानिवृतो). The line writes it tṛṣṇāsaṃyojanaś (तृष्णासंयोजनश्). The line writes it kartur. The line writes it anyo.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss avidyā-nivṛtaḥ (अविद्या-निवृतः) and jantus (जन्तु).