18.4
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 18. Ātman (आत्मन्) / 18.4
ममेत्यहमिति क्षीणे बहिर्धाध्यात्ममेव च निरुध्यत उपादानं तत्क्षयाज् जन्मनः क्षयः
mamety aham iti kṣīṇe bahirdhādhyātmam eva ca nirudhyata upādānaṃ tatkṣayāj janmanaḥ kṣayaḥ
The line
Of of me thus, I thus, in kṣīṇa (क्षीण), bahirdhādhyātma (बहिर्धाध्यात्म) just and, nirudhyata (निरुध्यत), the material, because of a compound: that, and destruction, birth, destruction.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 18. Ātman (आत्मन्). The self. The chapter the āstika (आस्तिक) books are arguing with. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: mama (मम) + ity (इत्य्) + aham (अहम्) + iti (इति) + kṣīṇe (क्षीणे) + bahirdhādhyātmam (बहिर्धाध्यात्मम्) + eva (एव) + ca (च) + nirudhyata (निरुध्यत) + upādānaṃ (उपादानं) + tat-kṣayāt (तत्-क्षयात्) + janmanaḥ (जन्मनः) + kṣayaḥ (क्षयः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| mama (मम) | genitive singular | of me |
| ity (इत्य्) | indeclinable | thus. iti before a vowel |
| aham (अहम्) | nominative singular | I |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | thus. It closes a quote or a thought |
| kṣīṇe (क्षीणे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | kṣīṇa (क्षीण) |
| bahirdhādhyātmam (बहिर्धाध्यात्मम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | bahirdhādhyātma (बहिर्धाध्यात्म) |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| nirudhyata (निरुध्यत) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| upādānaṃ (उपादानं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the material |
| tat-kṣayāt (तत्-क्षयात्) | ablative singular | a compound: that, and destruction. Read it from the end |
| janmanaḥ (जन्मनः) | nominative singular, masculine | birth |
| kṣayaḥ (क्षयः) | nominative singular, masculine | destruction |
The phrases
mama (मम) is of me. It stands as genitive singular. ity (इत्य्) is thus. iti before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins it on as mamety. aham (अहम्) is I. It stands as nominative singular. iti (इति) is thus. It closes a quote or a thought. It stands as indeclinable. kṣīṇe (क्षीणे) is kṣīṇa (क्षीण). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. bahirdhādhyātmam (बहिर्धाध्यात्मम्) is bahirdhādhyātma (बहिर्धाध्यात्म). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable.
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. nirudhyata (निरुध्यत) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. upādānaṃ (उपादानं) is the material. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. tat-kṣayāt (तत्-क्षयात्) is a compound: that, and destruction. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. The line writes it tatkṣayāj (तत्क्षयाज्). janmanaḥ (जन्मनः) is birth. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kṣayaḥ (क्षयः) is destruction. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
bahirdhādhyātmam (बहिर्धाध्यात्मम्) is accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line joins it on as mamety. The line writes it tatkṣayāj (तत्क्षयाज्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss mama (मम) and aham (अहम्).