18.8
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 18. Ātman (आत्मन्) / 18.8
सर्वं तथ्यं न वा तथ्यं तथ्यं चातथ्यमेव च नैवातथ्यं नैव तथ्यमेतद् बुद्धानुशासनम्
sarvaṃ tathyaṃ na vā tathyaṃ tathyaṃ cātathyam eva ca naivātathyaṃ naiva tathyam etad buddhānuśāsanam
The line
All, tathya (तथ्य), not or, tathya (तथ्य), tathya (तथ्य), cātathya (चातथ्य) just and, not evātathya (एवातथ्य), not just, tathya (तथ्य), this, buddhānuśāsana (बुद्धानुशासन).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 18. Ātman (आत्मन्). The self. The chapter the āstika (आस्तिक) books are arguing with. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: sarvaṃ (सर्वं) + tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) + na (न) + vā (वा) + tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) + tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) + cātathyam (चातथ्यम्) + eva (एव) + ca (च) + na (न) + evātathyaṃ (एवातथ्यं) + na (न) + eva (एव) + tathyam (तथ्यम्) + etad (एतद्) + buddhānuśāsanam (बुद्धानुशासनम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sarvaṃ (सर्वं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | all |
| tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | tathya (तथ्य) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | tathya (तथ्य) |
| tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | tathya (तथ्य) |
| cātathyam (चातथ्यम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | cātathya (चातथ्य) |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| evātathyaṃ (एवातथ्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | evātathya (एवातथ्य) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| tathyam (तथ्यम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | tathya (तथ्य) |
| etad (एतद्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | this |
| buddhānuśāsanam (बुद्धानुशासनम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | buddhānuśāsana (बुद्धानुशासन) |
The phrases
sarvaṃ (सर्वं) is all. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) is tathya (तथ्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable. tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) is tathya (तथ्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. tathyaṃ (तथ्यं) is tathya (तथ्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. cātathyam (चातथ्यम्) is cātathya (चातथ्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable.
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. evātathyaṃ (एवातथ्यं) is evātathya (एवातथ्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as naiva. tathyam (तथ्यम्) is tathya (तथ्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. etad (एतद्) is this. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. buddhānuśāsanam (बुद्धानुशासनम्) is buddhānuśāsana (बुद्धानुशासन). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
buddhānuśāsanam (बुद्धानुशासनम्) is accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line joins them as naiva.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss sarvaṃ (सर्वं) and tathyaṃ (तथ्यं).