18.10
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 18. Ātman (आत्मन्) / 18.10
प्रतीत्य यद् यद् भवति न हि तावत् तदेव तत् न चान्यदपि तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्नं नापि शाश्वतम्
pratītya yad yad bhavati na hi tāvat tad eva tat na cānyadapi tattasmānnocchinnaṃ nāpi śāśvatam
The line
Having depended on, which, which, is, becomes, not. So long, so far, first, that just, that, not in cānyadapa (चान्यदप), tattasmānnocchinna (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्न), not even, permanent.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 18. Ātman (आत्मन्). The self. The chapter the āstika (आस्तिक) books are arguing with. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: pratītya (प्रतीत्य) + yad (यद्) + yad (यद्) + bhavati (भवति) + na (न) + hi (हि) + tāvat (तावत्) + tad (तद्) + eva (एव) + tat (तत्) + na (न) + cānyadapi (चान्यदपि) + tattasmānnocchinnaṃ (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्नं) + na (न) + api (अपि) + śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pratītya (प्रतीत्य) | gerund | having depended on |
| yad (यद्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | which |
| yad (यद्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | which |
| bhavati (भवति) | present, third person singular | is, becomes |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| tāvat (तावत्) | indeclinable | so long, so far, first |
| tad (तद्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| tat (तत्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| cānyadapi (चान्यदपि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | cānyadapa (चान्यदप) |
| tattasmānnocchinnaṃ (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्नं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | tattasmānnocchinna (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्न) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | also, even |
| śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | permanent |
The phrases
pratītya (प्रतीत्य) is having depended on. It stands as gerund. yad (यद्) is which. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. yad (यद्) is which. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. bhavati (भवति) is is, becomes. It stands as present, third person singular. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. tāvat (तावत्) is so long, so far, first. It stands as indeclinable. tad (तद्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. tat (तत्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. cānyadapi (चान्यदपि) is cānyadapa (चान्यदप). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. tattasmānnocchinnaṃ (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्नं) is tattasmānnocchinna (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्न). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. api (अपि) is also, even. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as nāpi (नापि). śāśvatam (शाश्वतम्) is permanent. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
tattasmānnocchinnaṃ (तत्तस्मान्नोच्छिन्नं) is accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line joins them as nāpi (नापि).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pratītya (प्रतीत्य) and bhavati (भवति).