21.13
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 21. Saṃbhavavibhava (संभवविभव) / 21.13
न स्वतो जायते भावः परतो नैव जायते न स्वतः परतश् चैव जायते जायते कुतः
na svato jāyate bhāvaḥ parato naiva jāyate na svataḥ parataś caiva jāyate jāyate kutaḥ
The line
Not from itself, arises, is born, a being, a state, from another, not just, arises, is born, not from itself, from another and just, arises, is born, arises, is born, from where, how.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 21. Saṃbhavavibhava (संभवविभव). Arising and passing away. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: na (न) + svataḥ (स्वतः) + jāyate (जायते) + bhāvaḥ (भावः) + parataḥ (परतः) + na (न) + eva (एव) + jāyate (जायते) + na (न) + svataḥ (स्वतः) + parataḥ (परतः) + ca (च) + eva (एव) + jāyate (जायते) + jāyate (जायते) + kutaḥ (कुतः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| svataḥ (स्वतः) | the stem, as the line writes it | from itself |
| jāyate (जायते) | present, third person singular | arises, is born |
| bhāvaḥ (भावः) | nominative singular, masculine | a being, a state |
| parataḥ (परतः) | the stem, as the line writes it | from another |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| jāyate (जायते) | present, third person singular | arises, is born |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| svataḥ (स्वतः) | the stem, as the line writes it | from itself |
| parataḥ (परतः) | the stem, as the line writes it | from another |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| jāyate (जायते) | present, third person singular | arises, is born |
| jāyate (जायते) | present, third person singular | arises, is born |
| kutaḥ (कुतः) | indeclinable | from where, how |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. svataḥ (स्वतः) is from itself. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. The line writes it svato. jāyate (जायते) is arises, is born. It stands as present, third person singular. bhāvaḥ (भावः) is a being, a state. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. parataḥ (परतः) is from another. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. The line writes it parato. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as naiva. jāyate (जायते) is arises, is born. It stands as present, third person singular.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. svataḥ (स्वतः) is from itself. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. parataḥ (परतः) is from another. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. The line writes it parataś (परतश्). ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as caiva. jāyate (जायते) is arises, is born. It stands as present, third person singular. jāyate (जायते) is arises, is born. It stands as present, third person singular. kutaḥ (कुतः) is from where, how. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
parataḥ (परतः) is the stem, as the line writes it. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line writes it svato. The line writes it parato. The line joins them as naiva. The line writes it parataś (परतश्). The line joins them as caiva.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss svataḥ (स्वतः) and jāyate (जायते).