23.6
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास) / 23.6
स्वभावतो न विद्यन्ते शुभाशुभविपर्ययाः प्रतीत्य कतमान् क्लेशाः शुभाशुभविपर्ययान्
svabhāvato na vidyante śubhāśubhaviparyayāḥ pratītya katamān kleśāḥ śubhāśubhaviparyayān
The line
svabhāvata (स्वभावत), not are found, a compound: śubhā (शुभा), śubha (शुभ), and the reverse, having depended on, a compound: kata (कत), and a measure, a means of knowing, an affliction, a compound: śubhā (शुभा), śubha (शुभ), and the reverse.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास). The reversals, taking the impure for the pure and the rest. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: svabhāvato (स्वभावतो) + na (न) + vidyante (विद्यन्ते) + śubhā-śubha-viparyayāḥ (शुभा-शुभ-विपर्ययाः) + pratītya (प्रतीत्य) + kata-māna (कत-मान) + kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) + śubhā-śubha-viparyayān (शुभा-शुभ-विपर्ययान्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| svabhāvato (स्वभावतो) | nominative singular, masculine | svabhāvata (स्वभावत) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyante (विद्यन्ते) | present, third person plural | are found |
| śubhā-śubha-viparyayāḥ (शुभा-शुभ-विपर्ययाः) | nominative plural | a compound: śubhā (शुभा), śubha (शुभ), and the reverse. Read it from the end |
| pratītya (प्रतीत्य) | gerund | having depended on |
| kata-māna (कत-मान) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: kata (कत), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end |
| kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) | nominative plural | an affliction |
| śubhā-śubha-viparyayān (शुभा-शुभ-विपर्ययान्) | accusative plural, masculine | a compound: śubhā (शुभा), śubha (शुभ), and the reverse. Read it from the end |
The phrases
svabhāvato (स्वभावतो) is svabhāvata (स्वभावत). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyante (विद्यन्ते) is are found. It stands as present, third person plural. śubhā-śubha-viparyayāḥ (शुभा-शुभ-विपर्ययाः) is a compound: śubhā (शुभा), śubha (शुभ), and the reverse. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative plural.
pratītya (प्रतीत्य) is having depended on. It stands as gerund. kata-māna (कत-मान) is a compound: kata (कत), and a measure, a means of knowing. Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) is an affliction. It stands as nominative plural. śubhā-śubha-viparyayān (शुभा-शुभ-विपर्ययान्) is a compound: śubhā (शुभा), śubha (शुभ), and the reverse. Read it from the end. It stands as accusative plural, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
śubhā-śubha-viparyayāḥ (शुभा-शुभ-विपर्ययाः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss svabhāvato (स्वभावतो) and vidyante (विद्यन्ते).