24.19
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य) / 24.19
अप्रतीत्य समुत्पन्नो धर्मः कश्चिन् न विद्यते यस्मात् तस्मादशून्यो हि धर्मः कश्चिन् न विद्यते
apratītya samutpanno dharmaḥ kaścin na vidyate yasmāt tasmād aśūnyo hi dharmaḥ kaścin na vidyate
The line
Not having depended on, samutpanna (समुत्पन्न), dharma, kaścin (कश्चिन्), not is found, because of from which, because, therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound, not empty. Dharma, kaścin (कश्चिन्), not is found.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य). The noble truths. Verse 18 says what śūnyatā (शून्यता) is. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: a-pratītya (अ-प्रतीत्य) + samutpanno (समुत्पन्नो) + dharmaḥ (धर्मः) + kaścin (कश्चिन्) + na (न) + vidyate (विद्यते) + yasmāt (यस्मात्) + tasmād (तस्माद्) + aśūnyaḥ (अशून्यः) + hi (हि) + dharmaḥ (धर्मः) + kaścin (कश्चिन्) + na (न) + vidyate (विद्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| a-pratītya (अ-प्रतीत्य) | gerund | not having depended on |
| samutpanno (समुत्पन्नो) | nominative singular, masculine | samutpanna (समुत्पन्न) |
| dharmaḥ (धर्मः) | nominative singular, masculine | dharma |
| kaścin (कश्चिन्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
| yasmāt (यस्मात्) | ablative singular | from which, because |
| tasmād (तस्माद्) | indeclinable | therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound |
| aśūnyaḥ (अशून्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | not empty |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| dharmaḥ (धर्मः) | nominative singular, masculine | dharma |
| kaścin (कश्चिन्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
The phrases
a-pratītya (अ-प्रतीत्य) is not having depended on. It stands as gerund. samutpanno (समुत्पन्नो) is samutpanna (समुत्पन्न). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. dharmaḥ (धर्मः) is dharma. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kaścin (कश्चिन्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular. yasmāt (यस्मात्) is from which, because. It stands as ablative singular.
tasmād (तस्माद्) is therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. aśūnyaḥ (अशून्यः) is not empty. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it aśūnyo (अशून्यो). hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. dharmaḥ (धर्मः) is dharma. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kaścin (कश्चिन्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
a-pratītya (अ-प्रतीत्य) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it aśūnyo (अशून्यो).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss a-pratītya (अ-प्रतीत्य) and samutpanno (समुत्पन्नो).