27.1
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 27. Dṛṣṭi (दृष्टि) / 27.1
अभूमतीतमध्वानं नाभूवमिति दृष्टयः यास् ताः शाश्वतलोकाद्याः पूर्वान्तं समुपाश्रिताः
abhūm atītam adhvānaṃ nābhūvam iti dṛṣṭayaḥ yās tāḥ śāśvatalokādyāḥ pūrvāntaṃ samupāśritāḥ
The line
abhūm (अभूम्), gone beyond, adhvāna (अध्वान), not abhūva (अभूव) thus, a compound: seen, and yaḥa (यःअ), yās (यास्), tāḥ (ताः), a compound: permanent, and lokādya (लोकाद्य), pūrvānta (पूर्वान्त), samupāśrita (समुपाश्रित).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 27. Dṛṣṭi (दृष्टि). Views. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: abhūm (अभूम्) + atītam (अतीतम्) + adhvānaṃ (अध्वानं) + na (न) + abhūvam (अभूवम्) + iti (इति) + dṛṣṭa-yaḥa (दृष्ट-यःअ) + yās (यास्) + tāḥ (ताः) + śāśvata-lokādyāḥ (शाश्वत-लोकाद्याः) + pūrvāntaṃ (पूर्वान्तं) + samupāśritāḥ (समुपाश्रिताः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| abhūm (अभूम्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| atītam (अतीतम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | gone beyond |
| adhvānaṃ (अध्वानं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | adhvāna (अध्वान) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| abhūvam (अभूवम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | abhūva (अभूव) |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | thus. It closes a quote or a thought |
| dṛṣṭa-yaḥa (दृष्ट-यःअ) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: seen, and yaḥa (यःअ). Read it from the end |
| yās (यास्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| tāḥ (ताः) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| śāśvata-lokādyāḥ (शाश्वत-लोकाद्याः) | nominative plural | a compound: permanent, and lokādya (लोकाद्य). Read it from the end |
| pūrvāntaṃ (पूर्वान्तं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | pūrvānta (पूर्वान्त) |
| samupāśritāḥ (समुपाश्रिताः) | nominative plural | samupāśrita (समुपाश्रित) |
The phrases
abhūm (अभूम्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. atītam (अतीतम्) is gone beyond. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. adhvānaṃ (अध्वानं) is adhvāna (अध्वान). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. abhūvam (अभूवम्) is abhūva (अभूव). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. iti (इति) is thus. It closes a quote or a thought. It stands as indeclinable.
dṛṣṭa-yaḥa (दृष्ट-यःअ) is a compound: seen, and yaḥa (यःअ). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. yās (यास्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. tāḥ (ताः) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. śāśvata-lokādyāḥ (शाश्वत-लोकाद्याः) is a compound: permanent, and lokādya (लोकाद्य). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative plural. pūrvāntaṃ (पूर्वान्तं) is pūrvānta (पूर्वान्त). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. samupāśritāḥ (समुपाश्रिताः) is samupāśrita (समुपाश्रित). It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
śāśvata-lokādyāḥ (शाश्वत-लोकाद्याः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss abhūm (अभूम्) and atītam (अतीतम्).