27.3
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 27. Dṛṣṭi (दृष्टि) / 27.3
अभूमतीतमध्वानमित्येतन् नोपपद्यते यो हि जन्मसु पूर्वेषु स एव न भवत्ययम्
abhūm atītam adhvānam ity etan nopapadyate yo hi janmasu pūrveṣu sa eva na bhavaty ayam
The line
abhūm (अभूम्), gone beyond, adhvāna (अध्वान) thus, etan (एतन्), does not fit, who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound. janmasu (जन्मसु), in the earlier, he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant just, not bhavaty (भवत्य्), this.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 27. Dṛṣṭi (दृष्टि). Views. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: abhūm (अभूम्) + atītam (अतीतम्) + adhvānam (अध्वानम्) + ity (इत्य्) + etan (एतन्) + nopapadyate (नोपपद्यते) + yo (यो) + hi (हि) + janmasu (जन्मसु) + pūrveṣu (पूर्वेषु) + sa (स) + eva (एव) + na (न) + bhavaty (भवत्य्) + ayam (अयम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| abhūm (अभूम्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| atītam (अतीतम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | gone beyond |
| adhvānam (अध्वानम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | adhvāna (अध्वान) |
| ity (इत्य्) | indeclinable | thus. iti before a vowel |
| etan (एतन्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| nopapadyate (नोपपद्यते) | present, third person singular | does not fit |
| yo (यो) | nominative singular, masculine | who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| janmasu (जन्मसु) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| pūrveṣu (पूर्वेषु) | locative plural | the earlier |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| bhavaty (भवत्य्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| ayam (अयम्) | nominative singular, masculine | this |
The phrases
abhūm (अभूम्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. atītam (अतीतम्) is gone beyond. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. adhvānam (अध्वानम्) is adhvāna (अध्वान). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. ity (इत्य्) is thus. iti before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. etan (एतन्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. nopapadyate (नोपपद्यते) is does not fit. It stands as present, third person singular. yo (यो) is who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable.
janmasu (जन्मसु) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. pūrveṣu (पूर्वेषु) is the earlier. It stands as locative plural. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. bhavaty (भवत्य्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. ayam (अयम्) is this. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
nopapadyate (नोपपद्यते) is present, third person singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss abhūm (अभूम्) and atītam (अतीतम्).