2.7
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 2. Gatāgata (गतागत) / 2.7
गन्तारं चेत् तिरस्कृत्य गमनं नोपपद्यते गमनेऽसति गन्ताथ कुत एव भविष्यति
gantāraṃ cet tiraskṛtya gamanaṃ nopapadyate gamane 'sati gantātha kuta eva bhaviṣyati
The line
If you say that a goer, then having set aside, a going, does not fit, in going, in what is not, a goer, now, and then, from where, how just, will be.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 2. Gatāgata (गतागत). What has gone and what has not gone. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: gantāraṃ (गन्तारं) + cet (चेत्) + tiraskṛtya (तिरस्कृत्य) + gamanaṃ (गमनं) + nopapadyate (नोपपद्यते) + gamane (गमने) + asati (असति) + gantā (गन्ता) + atha (अथ) + kutaḥ (कुतः) + eva (एव) + bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gantāraṃ (गन्तारं) | accusative singular, masculine | a goer |
| cet (चेत्) | indeclinable | if you say, if |
| tiraskṛtya (तिरस्कृत्य) | the stem, as the line writes it | having set aside |
| gamanaṃ (गमनं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a going |
| nopapadyate (नोपपद्यते) | present, third person singular | does not fit |
| gamane (गमने) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | going |
| asati (असति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | what is not |
| gantā (गन्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | a goer |
| atha (अथ) | indeclinable | now, and then |
| kutaḥ (कुतः) | indeclinable | from where, how |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति) | future, third person singular | will be |
The phrases
gantāraṃ (गन्तारं) is a goer. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. cet (चेत्) is if you say, if. It stands as indeclinable. tiraskṛtya (तिरस्कृत्य) is having set aside. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. gamanaṃ (गमनं) is a going. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. nopapadyate (नोपपद्यते) is does not fit. It stands as present, third person singular. gamane (गमने) is going. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
asati (असति) is what is not. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. gantā (गन्ता) is a goer. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. atha (अथ) is now, and then. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as gantātha (गन्ताथ). kutaḥ (कुतः) is from where, how. It stands as indeclinable. The line writes it kuta. eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति) is will be. It stands as future, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
The apostrophe is an avagraha. It marks an a that sandhi dropped. The sitting puts that a back. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line joins them as gantātha (गन्ताथ). The line writes it kuta.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss gantāraṃ (गन्तारं) and tiraskṛtya (तिरस्कृत्य).