2.22
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 2. Gatāgata (गतागत) / 2.22
गत्या ययाज्यते गन्ता गतिं तां स न गच्छति यस्मान् न गतिपूर्वोऽस्ति कश्चिद् किंचिद् धि गच्छति
gatyā yayājyate gantā gatiṃ tāṃ sa na gacchati yasmān na gatipūrvo 'sti kaścid kiṃcid dhi gacchati
The line
gatya (गत्य), in yayājyata (ययाज्यत), a goer, going, a course, tāṃ (तां), he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant, not goes, yasma (यस्म), not a compound: going, a course, and the earlier, is, someone. kaścit (कश्चित्) before a voiced sound, what, some. cit before a voiced sound, in a thought, goes.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 2. Gatāgata (गतागत). What has gone and what has not gone. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: gatyā (गत्या) + yayājyate (ययाज्यते) + gantā (गन्ता) + gatiṃ (गतिं) + tāṃ (तां) + sa (स) + na (न) + gacchati (गच्छति) + yasmān (यस्मान्) + na (न) + gati-pūrvo (गति-पूर्वो) + asti (अस्ति) + kaścid (कश्चिद्) + kiṃ (किं) + cid (चिद्) + dhi (धि) + gacchati (गच्छति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gatyā (गत्या) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | gatya (गत्य) |
| yayājyate (ययाज्यते) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | yayājyata (ययाज्यत) |
| gantā (गन्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | a goer |
| gatiṃ (गतिं) | accusative singular | going, a course |
| tāṃ (तां) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| gacchati (गच्छति) | present, third person singular | goes |
| yasmān (यस्मान्) | accusative plural, masculine | yasma (यस्म) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| gati-pūrvo (गति-पूर्वो) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: going, a course, and the earlier. Read it from the end |
| asti (अस्ति) | present, third person singular | is |
| kaścid (कश्चिद्) | nominative singular, masculine | someone. kaścit (कश्चित्) before a voiced sound |
| kiṃ (किं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | what |
| cid (चिद्) | indeclinable | some. cit before a voiced sound |
| dhi (धि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a thought |
| gacchati (गच्छति) | present, third person singular | goes |
The phrases
gatyā (गत्या) is gatya (गत्य). It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. yayājyate (ययाज्यते) is yayājyata (ययाज्यत). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. gantā (गन्ता) is a goer. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. gatiṃ (गतिं) is going, a course. It stands as accusative singular. tāṃ (तां) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. gacchati (गच्छति) is goes. It stands as present, third person singular. yasmān (यस्मान्) is yasma (यस्म). It stands as accusative plural, masculine.
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. gati-pūrvo (गति-पूर्वो) is a compound: going, a course, and the earlier. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. asti (अस्ति) is is. It stands as present, third person singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. kaścid (कश्चिद्) is someone. kaścit (कश्चित्) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kiṃ (किं) is what. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. cid (चिद्) is some. cit before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as kiṃcid (किंचिद्). dhi (धि) is a thought. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. gacchati (गच्छति) is goes. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
gati-pūrvo (गति-पूर्वो) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line joins them as kiṃcid (किंचिद्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss gatyā (गत्या) and yayājyate (ययाज्यते).