2.23
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 2. Gatāgata (गतागत) / 2.23
गत्या ययाज्यते गन्ता ततोऽन्यां स न गच्छति गती द्वे नोपपद्येते यस्मादेके तु गन्तरि
gatyā yayājyate gantā tato 'nyāṃ sa na gacchati gatī dve nopapadyete yasmād eke tu gantari
The line
gatya (गत्य), in yayājyata (ययाज्यत), a goer, from that. tataḥ (ततः) before a voiced sound, of other, he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant, not goes, going, a course, in two, not in upapadyeta (उपपद्येत), because of from which, because, some but, in gantara (गन्तर).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 2. Gatāgata (गतागत). What has gone and what has not gone. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: gatyā (गत्या) + yayājyate (ययाज्यते) + gantā (गन्ता) + tato (ततो) + anyāṃ (अन्यां) + sa (स) + na (न) + gacchati (गच्छति) + gatī (गती) + dve (द्वे) + na (न) + upapadyete (उपपद्येते) + yasmāt (यस्मात्) + eke (एके) + tu (तु) + gantari (गन्तरि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gatyā (गत्या) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | gatya (गत्य) |
| yayājyate (ययाज्यते) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | yayājyata (ययाज्यत) |
| gantā (गन्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | a goer |
| tato (ततो) | indeclinable | from that. tataḥ (ततः) before a voiced sound |
| anyāṃ (अन्यां) | genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine | other |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| gacchati (गच्छति) | present, third person singular | goes |
| gatī (गती) | nominative or accusative dual, feminine, or nominative singular, feminine | going, a course |
| dve (द्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | two |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| upapadyete (उपपद्येते) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | upapadyeta (उपपद्येत) |
| yasmāt (यस्मात्) | ablative singular | from which, because |
| eke (एके) | nominative plural, masculine | some |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but, and now |
| gantari (गन्तरि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | gantara (गन्तर) |
The phrases
gatyā (गत्या) is gatya (गत्य). It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. yayājyate (ययाज्यते) is yayājyata (ययाज्यत). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. gantā (गन्ता) is a goer. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. tato (ततो) is from that. tataḥ (ततः) before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. anyāṃ (अन्यां) is other. It stands as genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. gacchati (गच्छति) is goes. It stands as present, third person singular.
gatī (गती) is going, a course. It stands as nominative or accusative dual, feminine, or nominative singular, feminine. dve (द्वे) is two. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. upapadyete (उपपद्येते) is upapadyeta (उपपद्येत). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. yasmāt (यस्मात्) is from which, because. It stands as ablative singular. The line writes it yasmād (यस्माद्). eke (एके) is some. It stands as nominative plural, masculine. tu (तु) is but, and now. It stands as indeclinable. gantari (गन्तरि) is gantara (गन्तर). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
The apostrophe is an avagraha. It marks an a that sandhi dropped. The sitting puts that a back. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line writes it yasmād (यस्माद्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss gatyā (गत्या) and yayājyate (ययाज्यते).