8.3
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 8. Karmakāraka (कर्मकारक) / 8.3
करोति यद्यसद्भूतोऽसद्भूतं कर्म कारकः अहेतुकं भवेत् कर्म कर्ता चाहेतुको भवेत्
karoti yady asadbhūto 'sadbhūtaṃ karma kārakaḥ ahetukaṃ bhavet karma kartā cāhetuko bhavet
The line
Does, makes, if. yadi before a vowel, asadbhūta (असद्भूत), asadbhūta (असद्भूत), an action, a factor of an action, ahetuka (अहेतुक), would be, an action, an agent, cāhetuka (चाहेतुक), would be.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 8. Karmakāraka (कर्मकारक). The act and the agent. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: karoti (करोति) + yady (यद्य्) + asadbhūto (असद्भूतो) + asadbhūtaṃ (असद्भूतं) + karma (कर्म) + kārakaḥ (कारकः) + ahetukaṃ (अहेतुकं) + bhavet (भवेत्) + karma (कर्म) + kartā (कर्ता) + cāhetuko (चाहेतुको) + bhavet (भवेत्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| karoti (करोति) | present, third person singular | does, makes |
| yady (यद्य्) | indeclinable | if. yadi before a vowel |
| asadbhūto (असद्भूतो) | nominative singular, masculine | asadbhūta (असद्भूत) |
| asadbhūtaṃ (असद्भूतं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | asadbhūta (असद्भूत) |
| karma (कर्म) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | an action |
| kārakaḥ (कारकः) | nominative singular, masculine | a factor of an action |
| ahetukaṃ (अहेतुकं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | ahetuka (अहेतुक) |
| bhavet (भवेत्) | optative, third person singular | would be |
| karma (कर्म) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | an action |
| kartā (कर्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | an agent |
| cāhetuko (चाहेतुको) | nominative singular, masculine | cāhetuka (चाहेतुक) |
| bhavet (भवेत्) | optative, third person singular | would be |
The phrases
karoti (करोति) is does, makes. It stands as present, third person singular. yady (यद्य्) is if. yadi before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. asadbhūto (असद्भूतो) is asadbhūta (असद्भूत). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. asadbhūtaṃ (असद्भूतं) is asadbhūta (असद्भूत). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. karma (कर्म) is an action. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. kārakaḥ (कारकः) is a factor of an action. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
ahetukaṃ (अहेतुकं) is ahetuka (अहेतुक). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. bhavet (भवेत्) is would be. It stands as optative, third person singular. karma (कर्म) is an action. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. kartā (कर्ता) is an agent. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. cāhetuko (चाहेतुको) is cāhetuka (चाहेतुक). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. bhavet (भवेत्) is would be. It stands as optative, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
The apostrophe is an avagraha. It marks an a that sandhi dropped. The sitting puts that a back. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss karoti (करोति) and asadbhūto (असद्भूतो).