12.3
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 12. Duḥkha (दुःख) / 12.3
यद्यमीभ्य इमेऽन्ये स्युरेभ्यो वामी परे यदि भवेत् परकृतं दुःखं परैरेभिरमी कृताः
yady amībhya ime 'nye syur ebhyo vāmī pare yadi bhavet parakṛtaṃ duḥkhaṃ parair ebhir amī kṛtāḥ
The line
If. yadi before a vowel, amībhya (अमीभ्य), ime (इमे), others, they would be. syuḥ (स्युः) before a voiced sound, ebhya (एभ्य), vāma (वाम), in another, the higher, if, would be, a compound: another, the higher, and made, done, pain, by means of another, the higher, ebhir (एभिर्), amī (अमी), made, done.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 12. Duḥkha (दुःख). Pain. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: yady (यद्य्) + amībhya (अमीभ्य) + ime (इमे) + anye (अन्ये) + syur (स्युर्) + ebhyo (एभ्यो) + vāmī (वामी) + pare (परे) + yadi (यदि) + bhavet (भवेत्) + para-kṛtaṃ (पर-कृतं) + duḥkhaṃ (दुःखं) + paraiḥ (परैः) + ebhir (एभिर्) + amī (अमी) + kṛtāḥ (कृताः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yady (यद्य्) | indeclinable | if. yadi before a vowel |
| amībhya (अमीभ्य) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| ime (इमे) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| anye (अन्ये) | nominative plural | others |
| syur (स्युर्) | optative, third person plural | they would be. syuḥ (स्युः) before a voiced sound |
| ebhyo (एभ्यो) | nominative singular, masculine | ebhya (एभ्य) |
| vāmī (वामी) | nominative or accusative dual, feminine, or nominative singular, feminine | vāma (वाम) |
| pare (परे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | another, the higher |
| yadi (यदि) | indeclinable | if |
| bhavet (भवेत्) | optative, third person singular | would be |
| para-kṛtaṃ (पर-कृतं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: another, the higher, and made, done. Read it from the end |
| duḥkhaṃ (दुःखं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | pain |
| paraiḥ (परैः) | instrumental plural | another, the higher |
| ebhir (एभिर्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| amī (अमी) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| kṛtāḥ (कृताः) | nominative plural | made, done |
The phrases
yady (यद्य्) is if. yadi before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. amībhya (अमीभ्य) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. ime (इमे) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. anye (अन्ये) is others. It stands as nominative plural. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. syur (स्युर्) is they would be. syuḥ (स्युः) before a voiced sound. It stands as optative, third person plural. ebhyo (एभ्यो) is ebhya (एभ्य). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. vāmī (वामी) is vāma (वाम). It stands as nominative or accusative dual, feminine, or nominative singular, feminine. pare (परे) is another, the higher. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
yadi (यदि) is if. It stands as indeclinable. bhavet (भवेत्) is would be. It stands as optative, third person singular. para-kṛtaṃ (पर-कृतं) is a compound: another, the higher, and made, done. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. duḥkhaṃ (दुःखं) is pain. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. paraiḥ (परैः) is another, the higher. It stands as instrumental plural. The line writes it parair. ebhir (एभिर्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. amī (अमी) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. kṛtāḥ (कृताः) is made, done. It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
para-kṛtaṃ (पर-कृतं) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line writes it parair.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss amībhya (अमीभ्य) and ime (इमे).