18.12
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 18. Ātman (आत्मन्) / 18.12
संबुद्धानामनुत्पादे श्रावकाणां पुनः क्षये ज्ञानं प्रत्येकबुद्धानामसंसर्गात् प्रवर्तते
saṃbuddhānām anutpāde śrāvakāṇāṃ punaḥ kṣaye jñānaṃ pratyekabuddhānām asaṃsargāt pravartate
The line
A compound: saṃbu (संबु), ddhā (द्धा), and by name, indeed, in anutpāda (अनुत्पाद), of śrāvaka (श्रावक), again, in destruction, knowing, of a compound: each, and one who has woken, because of asaṃsarga (असंसर्ग), goes on.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 18. Ātman (आत्मन्). The self. The chapter the āstika (आस्तिक) books are arguing with. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: saṃbu-ddhā-nāma (संबु-द्धा-नाम) + anutpāde (अनुत्पादे) + śrāvakāṇāṃ (श्रावकाणां) + punaḥ (पुनः) + kṣaye (क्षये) + jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं) + pratyeka-buddhānām (प्रत्येक-बुद्धानाम्) + asaṃsargāt (असंसर्गात्) + pravartate (प्रवर्तते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| saṃbu-ddhā-nāma (संबु-द्धा-नाम) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: saṃbu (संबु), ddhā (द्धा), and by name, indeed. Read it from the end |
| anutpāde (अनुत्पादे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | anutpāda (अनुत्पाद) |
| śrāvakāṇāṃ (श्रावकाणां) | genitive plural | śrāvaka (श्रावक) |
| punaḥ (पुनः) | indeclinable | again |
| kṣaye (क्षये) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | destruction |
| jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | knowing |
| pratyeka-buddhānām (प्रत्येक-बुद्धानाम्) | genitive plural | a compound: each, and one who has woken. Read it from the end |
| asaṃsargāt (असंसर्गात्) | ablative singular | asaṃsarga (असंसर्ग) |
| pravartate (प्रवर्तते) | present, third person singular | goes on |
The phrases
saṃbu-ddhā-nāma (संबु-द्धा-नाम) is a compound: saṃbu (संबु), ddhā (द्धा), and by name, indeed. Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. anutpāde (अनुत्पादे) is anutpāda (अनुत्पाद). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. śrāvakāṇāṃ (श्रावकाणां) is śrāvaka (श्रावक). It stands as genitive plural. punaḥ (पुनः) is again. It stands as indeclinable. kṣaye (क्षये) is destruction. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं) is knowing. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. pratyeka-buddhānām (प्रत्येक-बुद्धानाम्) is a compound: each, and one who has woken. Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural. asaṃsargāt (असंसर्गात्) is asaṃsarga (असंसर्ग). It stands as ablative singular. pravartate (प्रवर्तते) is goes on. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
pratyeka-buddhānām (प्रत्येक-बुद्धानाम्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss saṃbu-ddhā-nāma (संबु-द्धा-नाम) and anutpāde (अनुत्पादे).