19.2
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 19. Kāla (काल) / 19.2
प्रत्युत्पन्नोऽनागतश् च न स्तस् तत्र पुनर् यदि प्रत्युत्पन्नोऽनागतश् च स्यातां कथमपेक्ष्य तम्
pratyutpanno 'nāgataś ca na stas tatra punar yadi pratyutpanno 'nāgataś ca syātāṃ katham apekṣya tam
The line
A compound: toward, against, and utpanna (उत्पन्न), not not and, not stas (स्त), there, again, if, a compound: toward, against, and utpanna (उत्पन्न), not not and, of it would be, how, apekṣya (अपेक्ष्य), him, that.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 19. Kāla (काल). Time. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) + a-na (अ-न) + ca (च) + na (न) + stas (स्त) + tatra (तत्र) + punar (पुनर्) + yadi (यदि) + prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) + a-na (अ-न) + ca (च) + syātāṃ (स्यातां) + katham (कथम्) + apekṣya (अपेक्ष्य) + tam (तम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: toward, against, and utpanna (उत्पन्न). Read it from the end |
| a-na (अ-न) | indeclinable | not not |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| stas (स्त) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| tatra (तत्र) | indeclinable | there |
| punar (पुनर्) | indeclinable | again |
| yadi (यदि) | indeclinable | if |
| prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: toward, against, and utpanna (उत्पन्न). Read it from the end |
| a-na (अ-न) | indeclinable | not not |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| syātāṃ (स्यातां) | genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine | it would be |
| katham (कथम्) | indeclinable | how |
| apekṣya (अपेक्ष्य) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| tam (तम्) | accusative singular, masculine | him, that |
The phrases
prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) is a compound: toward, against, and utpanna (उत्पन्न). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. a-na (अ-न) is not not. It stands as indeclinable. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. stas (स्त) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. tatra (तत्र) is there. It stands as indeclinable. punar (पुनर्) is again. It stands as indeclinable. yadi (यदि) is if. It stands as indeclinable.
prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) is a compound: toward, against, and utpanna (उत्पन्न). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. a-na (अ-न) is not not. It stands as indeclinable. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. syātāṃ (स्यातां) is it would be. It stands as genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine. katham (कथम्) is how. It stands as indeclinable. apekṣya (अपेक्ष्य) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. tam (तम्) is him, that. It stands as accusative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prati-utpanno (प्रति-उत्पन्नो) and a-na (अ-न).