20.1
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 20. Sāmagrī (सामग्री) / 20.1
हेतोश् च प्रत्ययानां च सामग्र्या जायते यदि फलमस्ति च सामग्र्यां सामग्र्या जायते कथम्
hetoś ca pratyayānāṃ ca sāmagryā jāyate yadi phalamasti ca sāmagryāṃ sāmagryā jāyate katham
The line
Of of a reason, from a reason and, of a condition and, having the means complete, arises, is born, if, the fruit, is and, of having the means complete, having the means complete, arises, is born, how.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 20. Sāmagrī (सामग्री). The collection of causes. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: hetoḥ (हेतोः) + ca (च) + pratyayānāṃ (प्रत्ययानां) + ca (च) + sāmagryā (सामग्र्या) + jāyate (जायते) + yadi (यदि) + phalam (फलम्) + asti (अस्ति) + ca (च) + sāmagryāṃ (सामग्र्यां) + sāmagryā (सामग्र्या) + jāyate (जायते) + katham (कथम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| hetoḥ (हेतोः) | genitive or ablative singular | of a reason, from a reason |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| pratyayānāṃ (प्रत्ययानां) | genitive plural | a condition |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| sāmagryā (सामग्र्या) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | having the means complete |
| jāyate (जायते) | present, third person singular | arises, is born |
| yadi (यदि) | indeclinable | if |
| phalam (फलम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the fruit |
| asti (अस्ति) | present, third person singular | is |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| sāmagryāṃ (सामग्र्यां) | genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine | having the means complete |
| sāmagryā (सामग्र्या) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | having the means complete |
| jāyate (जायते) | present, third person singular | arises, is born |
| katham (कथम्) | indeclinable | how |
The phrases
hetoḥ (हेतोः) is of a reason, from a reason. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. The line writes it hetoś (हेतोश्). ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. pratyayānāṃ (प्रत्ययानां) is a condition. It stands as genitive plural. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. sāmagryā (सामग्र्या) is having the means complete. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. jāyate (जायते) is arises, is born. It stands as present, third person singular. yadi (यदि) is if. It stands as indeclinable.
phalam (फलम्) is the fruit. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. asti (अस्ति) is is. It stands as present, third person singular. The line joins them as phalamasti. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. sāmagryāṃ (सामग्र्यां) is having the means complete. It stands as genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine. sāmagryā (सामग्र्या) is having the means complete. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. jāyate (जायते) is arises, is born. It stands as present, third person singular. katham (कथम्) is how. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
pratyayānāṃ (प्रत्ययानां) is genitive plural. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line writes it hetoś (हेतोश्). The line joins them as phalamasti.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss hetoḥ (हेतोः) and pratyayānāṃ (प्रत्ययानां).