21.2
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 21. Saṃbhavavibhava (संभवविभव) / 21.2
भविष्यति कथं नाम विभवः संभवं विना विनैव जन्म मरणं विभवो नोद्भवं विना
bhaviṣyati kathaṃ nāma vibhavaḥ saṃbhavaṃ vinā vinaiva janma maraṇaṃ vibhavo nodbhavaṃ vinā
The line
Will be, how, indeed, by name, passing away, arising, without, without just, birth, maraṇa (मरण), passing away, not arising, without.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 21. Saṃbhavavibhava (संभवविभव). Arising and passing away. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति) + kathaṃ (कथं) + nāma (नाम) + vibhavaḥ (विभवः) + saṃbhavaṃ (संभवं) + vinā (विना) + vinā (विना) + eva (एव) + janma (जन्म) + maraṇaṃ (मरणं) + vibhavaḥ (विभवः) + na (न) + udbhavaṃ (उद्भवं) + vinā (विना)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति) | future, third person singular | will be |
| kathaṃ (कथं) | indeclinable | how |
| nāma (नाम) | indeclinable | indeed, by name |
| vibhavaḥ (विभवः) | nominative singular, masculine | passing away |
| saṃbhavaṃ (संभवं) | accusative singular, masculine | arising |
| vinā (विना) | indeclinable | without |
| vinā (विना) | indeclinable | without |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | only, just |
| janma (जन्म) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | birth |
| maraṇaṃ (मरणं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | maraṇa (मरण) |
| vibhavaḥ (विभवः) | nominative singular, masculine | passing away |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| udbhavaṃ (उद्भवं) | accusative singular, masculine | arising |
| vinā (विना) | indeclinable | without |
The phrases
bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति) is will be. It stands as future, third person singular. kathaṃ (कथं) is how. It stands as indeclinable. nāma (नाम) is indeed, by name. It stands as indeclinable. vibhavaḥ (विभवः) is passing away. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. saṃbhavaṃ (संभवं) is arising. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. vinā (विना) is without. It stands as indeclinable. vinā (विना) is without. It stands as indeclinable.
eva (एव) is only, just. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as vinaiva. janma (जन्म) is birth. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. maraṇaṃ (मरणं) is maraṇa (मरण). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. vibhavaḥ (विभवः) is passing away. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it vibhavo. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. udbhavaṃ (उद्भवं) is arising. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. vinā (विना) is without. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति) is future, third person singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line joins them as vinaiva. The line writes it vibhavo.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss bhaviṣyati (भविष्यति) and nāma (नाम).