22.1
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 22. Tathāgata (तथागत) / 22.1
स्कन्धा न नान्यः स्कन्धेभ्यो नास्मिन् स्कन्धा न तेषु सः तथागतः स्कन्धवान् न कतमोऽत्र तथागतः
skandhā na nānyaḥ skandhebhyo nāsmin skandhā na teṣu saḥ tathāgataḥ skandhavān na katamo 'tra tathāgataḥ
The line
An aggregate of matter, not, not another, for an aggregate of matter, not in in this, an aggregate of matter, not in in them, he, that, the one who has gone thus, a compound: an aggregate of matter, or, and not, not katama (कतम), here, the one who has gone thus.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 22. Tathāgata (तथागत). The one who has gone thus. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: skandhā (स्कन्धा) + na (न) + na (न) + anyaḥ (अन्यः) + skandhebhyaḥ (स्कन्धेभ्यः) + na (न) + asmin (अस्मिन्) + skandhā (स्कन्धा) + na (न) + teṣu (तेषु) + saḥ (सः) + tathāgataḥ (तथागतः) + skandha-vā-na (स्कन्ध-वा-न) + na (न) + katamo (कतमो) + atra (अत्र) + tathāgataḥ (तथागतः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| skandhā (स्कन्धा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | an aggregate of matter |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| anyaḥ (अन्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | another |
| skandhebhyaḥ (स्कन्धेभ्यः) | dative or ablative plural | an aggregate of matter |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| asmin (अस्मिन्) | locative singular | in this |
| skandhā (स्कन्धा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | an aggregate of matter |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| teṣu (तेषु) | locative plural | in them |
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that |
| tathāgataḥ (तथागतः) | nominative singular, masculine | the one who has gone thus |
| skandha-vā-na (स्कन्ध-वा-न) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: an aggregate of matter, or, and not. Read it from the end |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| katamo (कतमो) | nominative singular, masculine | katama (कतम) |
| atra (अत्र) | indeclinable | here |
| tathāgataḥ (तथागतः) | nominative singular, masculine | the one who has gone thus |
The phrases
skandhā (स्कन्धा) is an aggregate of matter. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. anyaḥ (अन्यः) is another. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line joins them as nānyaḥ (नान्यः). skandhebhyaḥ (स्कन्धेभ्यः) is an aggregate of matter. It stands as dative or ablative plural. The line writes it skandhebhyo. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. asmin (अस्मिन्) is in this. It stands as locative singular. The line joins them as nāsmin (नास्मिन्). skandhā (स्कन्धा) is an aggregate of matter. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable.
teṣu (तेषु) is in them. It stands as locative plural. saḥ (सः) is he, that. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. tathāgataḥ (तथागतः) is the one who has gone thus. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. skandha-vā-na (स्कन्ध-वा-न) is a compound: an aggregate of matter, or, and not. Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. katamo (कतमो) is katama (कतम). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. atra (अत्र) is here. It stands as indeclinable. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. tathāgataḥ (तथागतः) is the one who has gone thus. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
skandha-vā-na (स्कन्ध-वा-न) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line joins them as nānyaḥ (नान्यः). The line writes it skandhebhyo. The line joins them as nāsmin (नास्मिन्). The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss skandhā (स्कन्धा) and anyaḥ (अन्यः).