23.15
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास) / 23.15
येन गृह्णाति यो ग्राहो ग्रहीता यच् च गृह्यते उपशान्तानि सर्वाणि तस्माद् ग्राहो न विद्यते
yena gṛhṇāti yo grāho grahītā yac ca gṛhyate upaśāntāni sarvāṇi tasmād grāho na vidyate
The line
By means of by which, in gṛhṇāta (गृह्णात), who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound, grāha (ग्राह), would take, which. yat before c and, is taken, upaśānta (उपशान्त), all, therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound, grāha (ग्राह), not is found.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास). The reversals, taking the impure for the pure and the rest. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: yena (येन) + gṛhṇāti (गृह्णाति) + yo (यो) + grāho (ग्राहो) + grahītā (ग्रहीता) + yac (यच्) + ca (च) + gṛhyate (गृह्यते) + upaśāntāni (उपशान्तानि) + sarvāṇi (सर्वाणि) + tasmād (तस्माद्) + grāho (ग्राहो) + na (न) + vidyate (विद्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yena (येन) | instrumental singular | by which |
| gṛhṇāti (गृह्णाति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | gṛhṇāta (गृह्णात) |
| yo (यो) | nominative singular, masculine | who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound |
| grāho (ग्राहो) | nominative singular, masculine | grāha (ग्राह) |
| grahītā (ग्रहीता) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | would take |
| yac (यच्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | which. yat before c |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| gṛhyate (गृह्यते) | present, third person singular | is taken |
| upaśāntāni (उपशान्तानि) | nominative or accusative plural, neuter | upaśānta (उपशान्त) |
| sarvāṇi (सर्वाणि) | nominative or accusative plural, neuter | all |
| tasmād (तस्माद्) | indeclinable | therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound |
| grāho (ग्राहो) | nominative singular, masculine | grāha (ग्राह) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
The phrases
yena (येन) is by which. It stands as instrumental singular. gṛhṇāti (गृह्णाति) is gṛhṇāta (गृह्णात). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. yo (यो) is who, which. yaḥ (यः) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. grāho (ग्राहो) is grāha (ग्राह). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. grahītā (ग्रहीता) is would take. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. yac (यच्) is which. yat before c. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
gṛhyate (गृह्यते) is is taken. It stands as present, third person singular. upaśāntāni (उपशान्तानि) is upaśānta (उपशान्त). It stands as nominative or accusative plural, neuter. sarvāṇi (सर्वाणि) is all. It stands as nominative or accusative plural, neuter. tasmād (तस्माद्) is therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. grāho (ग्राहो) is grāha (ग्राह). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
upaśāntāni (उपशान्तानि) is nominative or accusative plural, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss yena (येन) and gṛhṇāti (गृह्णाति).