24.3
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य) / 24.3
तदभावान् न विद्यन्ते चत्वार्यार्यफलानि च फलाभावे फलस्था नो न सन्ति प्रतिपन्नकाः
tadabhāvān na vidyante catvāry āryaphalāni ca phalābhāve phalasthā no na santi pratipannakāḥ
The line
The absence of that, not are found, catvāry (चत्वार्य्), a compound: ārya (आर्य), and a fruit and, in a compound: a fruit, and absence, a compound: a fruit, and standing, not, not are, a compound: a path, and naka (नक).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य). The noble truths. Verse 18 says what śūnyatā (शून्यता) is. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: tadabhāvān (तदभावान्) + na (न) + vidyante (विद्यन्ते) + catvāry (चत्वार्य्) + ārya-phalāni (आर्य-फलानि) + ca (च) + phala-abhāve (फल-अभावे) + phala-sthā (फल-स्था) + no (नो) + na (न) + santi (सन्ति) + pratipad-nakāḥ (प्रतिपद्-नकाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tadabhāvān (तदभावान्) | accusative plural, masculine | the absence of that |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyante (विद्यन्ते) | present, third person plural | are found |
| catvāry (चत्वार्य्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| ārya-phalāni (आर्य-फलानि) | nominative or accusative plural, neuter | a compound: ārya (आर्य), and a fruit. Read it from the end |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| phala-abhāve (फल-अभावे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: a fruit, and absence. Read it from the end |
| phala-sthā (फल-स्था) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | a compound: a fruit, and standing. Read it from the end |
| no (नो) | indeclinable | not. na before a vowel |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| santi (सन्ति) | present, third person plural | are |
| pratipad-nakāḥ (प्रतिपद्-नकाः) | nominative plural | a compound: a path, and naka (नक). Read it from the end |
The phrases
tadabhāvān (तदभावान्) is the absence of that. It stands as accusative plural, masculine. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyante (विद्यन्ते) is are found. It stands as present, third person plural. catvāry (चत्वार्य्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. ārya-phalāni (आर्य-फलानि) is a compound: ārya (आर्य), and a fruit. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative plural, neuter. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
phala-abhāve (फल-अभावे) is a compound: a fruit, and absence. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. phala-sthā (फल-स्था) is a compound: a fruit, and standing. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. no (नो) is not. na before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. santi (सन्ति) is are. It stands as present, third person plural. pratipad-nakāḥ (प्रतिपद्-नकाः) is a compound: a path, and naka (नक). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
pratipad-nakāḥ (प्रतिपद्-नकाः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss tadabhāvān (तदभावान्) and vidyante (विद्यन्ते).