24.11
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य) / 24.11
विनाशयति दुर्दृष्ता शून्यता मन्दमेधसम् सर्पो यथा दुर्गृहीतो विद्या वा दुष्प्रसाधिता
vināśayati durdṛṣtā śūnyatā mandamedhasam sarpo yathā durgṛhīto vidyā vā duṣprasādhitā
The line
In a compound: without, and śayata (शयत), durdṛṣta (दुर्दृष्त), emptiness, a compound: manda (मन्द), medha (मेध), and an equalizing, a rejoinder that turns an example back, sarpa (सर्प), as, durgṛhīta (दुर्गृहीत), knowing or, duṣprasādhita (दुष्प्रसाधित).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य). The noble truths. Verse 18 says what śūnyatā (शून्यता) is. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: vinā-śayati (विना-शयति) + durdṛṣtā (दुर्दृष्ता) + śūnyatā (शून्यता) + manda-medha-sama (मन्द-मेध-सम) + sarpo (सर्पो) + yathā (यथा) + durgṛhīto (दुर्गृहीतो) + vidyā (विद्या) + vā (वा) + duṣprasādhitā (दुष्प्रसाधिता)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vinā-śayati (विना-शयति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a compound: without, and śayata (शयत). Read it from the end |
| durdṛṣtā (दुर्दृष्ता) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | durdṛṣta (दुर्दृष्त) |
| śūnyatā (शून्यता) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | emptiness |
| manda-medha-sama (मन्द-मेध-सम) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: manda (मन्द), medha (मेध), and an equalizing, a rejoinder that turns an example back. Read it from the end |
| sarpo (सर्पो) | nominative singular, masculine | sarpa (सर्प) |
| yathā (यथा) | indeclinable | as |
| durgṛhīto (दुर्गृहीतो) | nominative singular, masculine | durgṛhīta (दुर्गृहीत) |
| vidyā (विद्या) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | knowing |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| duṣprasādhitā (दुष्प्रसाधिता) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | duṣprasādhita (दुष्प्रसाधित) |
The phrases
vinā-śayati (विना-शयति) is a compound: without, and śayata (शयत). Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. durdṛṣtā (दुर्दृष्ता) is durdṛṣta (दुर्दृष्त). It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. śūnyatā (शून्यता) is emptiness. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. manda-medha-sama (मन्द-मेध-सम) is a compound: manda (मन्द), medha (मेध), and an equalizing, a rejoinder that turns an example back. Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. sarpo (सर्पो) is sarpa (सर्प). It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
yathā (यथा) is as. It stands as indeclinable. durgṛhīto (दुर्गृहीतो) is durgṛhīta (दुर्गृहीत). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. vidyā (विद्या) is knowing. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable. duṣprasādhitā (दुष्प्रसाधिता) is duṣprasādhita (दुष्प्रसाधित). It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular.
Sanskrit in this line
manda-medha-sama (मन्द-मेध-सम) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vinā-śayati (विना-शयति) and durdṛṣtā (दुर्दृष्ता).