24.12
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य) / 24.12
अतश् च प्रत्युदावृत्तं चित्तं देशयितुं मुनेः धर्मं मत्वास्य धर्मस्य मन्दैर् दुरवगाहताम्
ataś ca pratyudāvṛttaṃ cittaṃ deśayituṃ muneḥ dharmaṃ matvāsya dharmasya mandair duravagāhatām
The line
Therefore, from this and, a compound: toward, against, and udāvṛtta (उदावृत्त), some, at all, him, that, a compound: a place, and yita (यित), of a sage, dharma, a property, matvāsya (मत्वास्य), of of dharma, mandair (मन्दैर्), of duravagāhata (दुरवगाहत).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य). The noble truths. Verse 18 says what śūnyatā (शून्यता) is. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: ataḥ (अतः) + ca (च) + prati-udāvṛttaṃ (प्रति-उदावृत्तं) + cit (चित्) + taṃ (तं) + deśa-yituṃ (देश-यितुं) + muneḥ (मुनेः) + dharmaṃ (धर्मं) + matvāsya (मत्वास्य) + dharmasya (धर्मस्य) + mandair (मन्दैर्) + duravagāhatām (दुरवगाहताम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ataḥ (अतः) | indeclinable | therefore, from this |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| prati-udāvṛttaṃ (प्रति-उदावृत्तं) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: toward, against, and udāvṛtta (उदावृत्त). Read it from the end |
| cit (चित्) | indeclinable | some, at all |
| taṃ (तं) | accusative singular, masculine | him, that |
| deśa-yituṃ (देश-यितुं) | accusative singular | a compound: a place, and yita (यित). Read it from the end |
| muneḥ (मुनेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a sage |
| dharmaṃ (धर्मं) | accusative singular, masculine | dharma, a property |
| matvāsya (मत्वास्य) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| dharmasya (धर्मस्य) | genitive singular | of dharma |
| mandair (मन्दैर्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| duravagāhatām (दुरवगाहताम्) | genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine | duravagāhata (दुरवगाहत) |
The phrases
ataḥ (अतः) is therefore, from this. It stands as indeclinable. The line writes it ataś (अतश्). ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. prati-udāvṛttaṃ (प्रति-उदावृत्तं) is a compound: toward, against, and udāvṛtta (उदावृत्त). Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. cit (चित्) is some, at all. It stands as indeclinable. taṃ (तं) is him, that. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. The line joins them as cittaṃ (चित्तं). deśa-yituṃ (देश-यितुं) is a compound: a place, and yita (यित). Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular.
muneḥ (मुनेः) is a sage. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. dharmaṃ (धर्मं) is dharma, a property. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. matvāsya (मत्वास्य) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. dharmasya (धर्मस्य) is of dharma. It stands as genitive singular. mandair (मन्दैर्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. duravagāhatām (दुरवगाहताम्) is duravagāhata (दुरवगाहत). It stands as genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine.
Sanskrit in this line
prati-udāvṛttaṃ (प्रति-उदावृत्तं) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it ataś (अतश्). The line joins them as cittaṃ (चित्तं).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prati-udāvṛttaṃ (प्रति-उदावृत्तं) and cit (चित्).