24.23
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य) / 24.23
न निरोधः स्वभावेन सतो दुःखस्य विद्यते स्वभावपर्यवस्थानान् निरोधं प्रतिबाधसे
na nirodhaḥ svabhāvena sato duḥkhasya vidyate svabhāvaparyavasthānān nirodhaṃ pratibādhase
The line
Not stilling, by means of an own-nature, of of what is, of pain, is found, a compound: an own-nature, paryava (पर्यव), and the place, the order, stilling, in a compound: toward, against, and bādhasa (बाधस).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य). The noble truths. Verse 18 says what śūnyatā (शून्यता) is. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: na (न) + nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) + svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) + sataḥ (सतः) + duḥkhasya (दुःखस्य) + vidyate (विद्यते) + svabhāva-paryava-sthānān (स्वभाव-पर्यव-स्थानान्) + nirodhaṃ (निरोधं) + prati-bādhase (प्रति-बाधसे)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) | nominative singular, masculine | stilling |
| svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) | instrumental singular | an own-nature |
| sataḥ (सतः) | genitive or ablative singular, present participle | of what is |
| duḥkhasya (दुःखस्य) | genitive singular | pain |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
| svabhāva-paryava-sthānān (स्वभाव-पर्यव-स्थानान्) | accusative plural, masculine | a compound: an own-nature, paryava (पर्यव), and the place, the order. Read it from the end |
| nirodhaṃ (निरोधं) | accusative singular, masculine | stilling |
| prati-bādhase (प्रति-बाधसे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: toward, against, and bādhasa (बाधस). Read it from the end |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) is stilling. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) is an own-nature. It stands as instrumental singular. sataḥ (सतः) is of what is. It stands as genitive or ablative singular, present participle. The line writes it sato. duḥkhasya (दुःखस्य) is pain. It stands as genitive singular.
vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular. svabhāva-paryava-sthānān (स्वभाव-पर्यव-स्थानान्) is a compound: an own-nature, paryava (पर्यव), and the place, the order. Read it from the end. It stands as accusative plural, masculine. nirodhaṃ (निरोधं) is stilling. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. prati-bādhase (प्रति-बाधसे) is a compound: toward, against, and bādhasa (बाधस). Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
svabhāva-paryava-sthānān (स्वभाव-पर्यव-स्थानान्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it sato.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) and svabhāvena (स्वभावेन).