24.33
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य) / 24.33
न च धर्ममधर्मं वा कश्चिज् जातु करिष्यति किमषून्यस्य कर्तव्यं स्वभावः क्रियते न हि
na ca dharmam adharmaṃ vā kaścij jātu kariṣyati kim aṣūnyasya kartavyaṃ svabhāvaḥ kriyate na hi
The line
Not and, dharma, a property, the medium of rest or, kaścij (कश्चिज्), ever, at all, will do, what, of aṣūnya (अषून्य), kartavya (कर्तव्य), an own-nature, is done, not.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य). The noble truths. Verse 18 says what śūnyatā (शून्यता) is. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: na (न) + ca (च) + dharmam (धर्मम्) + adharmaṃ (अधर्मं) + vā (वा) + kaścij (कश्चिज्) + jātu (जातु) + kariṣyati (करिष्यति) + kim (किम्) + aṣūnyasya (अषून्यस्य) + kartavyaṃ (कर्तव्यं) + svabhāvaḥ (स्वभावः) + kriyate (क्रियते) + na (न) + hi (हि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| dharmam (धर्मम्) | accusative singular, masculine | dharma, a property |
| adharmaṃ (अधर्मं) | accusative singular, masculine | the medium of rest |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| kaścij (कश्चिज्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| jātu (जातु) | indeclinable | ever, at all |
| kariṣyati (करिष्यति) | future, third person singular | will do |
| kim (किम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | what |
| aṣūnyasya (अषून्यस्य) | genitive singular | aṣūnya (अषून्य) |
| kartavyaṃ (कर्तव्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | kartavya (कर्तव्य) |
| svabhāvaḥ (स्वभावः) | nominative singular, masculine | an own-nature |
| kriyate (क्रियते) | present, third person singular | is done |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. dharmam (धर्मम्) is dharma, a property. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. adharmaṃ (अधर्मं) is the medium of rest. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable. kaścij (कश्चिज्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. jātu (जातु) is ever, at all. It stands as indeclinable. kariṣyati (करिष्यति) is will do. It stands as future, third person singular.
kim (किम्) is what. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. aṣūnyasya (अषून्यस्य) is aṣūnya (अषून्य). It stands as genitive singular. kartavyaṃ (कर्तव्यं) is kartavya (कर्तव्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. svabhāvaḥ (स्वभावः) is an own-nature. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kriyate (क्रियते) is is done. It stands as present, third person singular. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
kariṣyati (करिष्यति) is future, third person singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss dharmam (धर्मम्) and adharmaṃ (अधर्मं).