24.35
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य) / 24.35
धर्माधर्मनिमित्तं वा यदि ते विद्यते फलम् धर्माधर्मसमुत्पन्नमशून्यं ते कथं फलम्
dharmādharmanimittaṃ vā yadi te vidyate phalam dharmādharmasamutpannam aśūnyaṃ te kathaṃ phalam
The line
A compound: dharma, a property, the medium of rest, and the efficient ground or, if, they, those, is found, the fruit, a compound: dharma, a property, the medium of rest, samu (समु), and tpanna (त्पन्न), not empty, they, those, how, the fruit.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 24. Āryasatya (आर्यसत्य). The noble truths. Verse 18 says what śūnyatā (शून्यता) is. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: dharma-adharma-nimittaṃ (धर्म-अधर्म-निमित्तं) + vā (वा) + yadi (यदि) + te (ते) + vidyate (विद्यते) + phalam (फलम्) + dharma-adharma-samu-tpannam (धर्म-अधर्म-समु-त्पन्नम्) + aśūnyaṃ (अशून्यं) + te (ते) + kathaṃ (कथं) + phalam (फलम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| dharma-adharma-nimittaṃ (धर्म-अधर्म-निमित्तं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: dharma, a property, the medium of rest, and the efficient ground. Read it from the end |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| yadi (यदि) | indeclinable | if |
| te (ते) | nominative plural, masculine | they, those |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
| phalam (फलम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the fruit |
| dharma-adharma-samu-tpannam (धर्म-अधर्म-समु-त्पन्नम्) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: dharma, a property, the medium of rest, samu (समु), and tpanna (त्पन्न). Read it from the end |
| aśūnyaṃ (अशून्यं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | not empty |
| te (ते) | nominative plural, masculine | they, those |
| kathaṃ (कथं) | indeclinable | how |
| phalam (फलम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the fruit |
The phrases
dharma-adharma-nimittaṃ (धर्म-अधर्म-निमित्तं) is a compound: dharma, a property, the medium of rest, and the efficient ground. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable. yadi (यदि) is if. It stands as indeclinable. te (ते) is they, those. It stands as nominative plural, masculine. vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular. phalam (फलम्) is the fruit. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
dharma-adharma-samu-tpannam (धर्म-अधर्म-समु-त्पन्नम्) is a compound: dharma, a property, the medium of rest, samu (समु), and tpanna (त्पन्न). Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. aśūnyaṃ (अशून्यं) is not empty. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. te (ते) is they, those. It stands as nominative plural, masculine. kathaṃ (कथं) is how. It stands as indeclinable. phalam (फलम्) is the fruit. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
dharma-adharma-samu-tpannam (धर्म-अधर्म-समु-त्पन्नम्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss dharma-adharma-nimittaṃ (धर्म-अधर्म-निमित्तं) and te (ते).