26.8
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 26. Dvādaśāṅga (द्वादशाङ्ग) / 26.8
पञ्च स्कन्धाः स च भवो भवाज् जातिः प्रवर्तते जरामरणदुःखादि शोकाः सपरिदेवनाः
pañca skandhāḥ sa ca bhavo bhavāj jātiḥ pravartate jarāmaraṇaduḥkhādi śokāḥ saparidevanāḥ
The line
Five, an aggregate of matter, he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant and, bhava (भव), bhavāj (भवाज्), a futile rejoinder, goes on, in jarāmaraṇaduḥkhāda (जरामरणदुःखाद), grief, a compound: sapa (सप), ride (रिदे), and a forest.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 26. Dvādaśāṅga (द्वादशाङ्ग). The twelve links. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: pañca (पञ्च) + skandhāḥ (स्कन्धाः) + sa (स) + ca (च) + bhavo (भवो) + bhavāj (भवाज्) + jātiḥ (जातिः) + pravartate (प्रवर्तते) + jarāmaraṇaduḥkhādi (जरामरणदुःखादि) + śokāḥ (शोकाः) + sapa-ride-vanāḥ (सप-रिदे-वनाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pañca (पञ्च) | indeclinable | five |
| skandhāḥ (स्कन्धाः) | nominative plural | an aggregate of matter |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| bhavo (भवो) | nominative singular, masculine | bhava (भव) |
| bhavāj (भवाज्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| jātiḥ (जातिः) | nominative singular | a futile rejoinder |
| pravartate (प्रवर्तते) | present, third person singular | goes on |
| jarāmaraṇaduḥkhādi (जरामरणदुःखादि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | jarāmaraṇaduḥkhāda (जरामरणदुःखाद) |
| śokāḥ (शोकाः) | nominative plural | grief |
| sapa-ride-vanāḥ (सप-रिदे-वनाः) | nominative plural | a compound: sapa (सप), ride (रिदे), and a forest. Read it from the end |
The phrases
pañca (पञ्च) is five. It stands as indeclinable. skandhāḥ (स्कन्धाः) is an aggregate of matter. It stands as nominative plural. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. bhavo (भवो) is bhava (भव). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. bhavāj (भवाज्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it.
jātiḥ (जातिः) is a futile rejoinder. It stands as nominative singular. pravartate (प्रवर्तते) is goes on. It stands as present, third person singular. jarāmaraṇaduḥkhādi (जरामरणदुःखादि) is jarāmaraṇaduḥkhāda (जरामरणदुःखाद). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. śokāḥ (शोकाः) is grief. It stands as nominative plural. sapa-ride-vanāḥ (सप-रिदे-वनाः) is a compound: sapa (सप), ride (रिदे), and a forest. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
jarāmaraṇaduḥkhādi (जरामरणदुःखादि) is locative singular, or nominative singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pañca (पञ्च) and skandhāḥ (स्कन्धाः).