2.24
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 2. Gatāgata (गतागत) / 2.24
सद्भूतो गमनं गन्ता त्रिप्रकारं न गच्छति नासद्भूतोऽपि गमनं त्रिप्रकारं स गच्छति
sadbhūto gamanaṃ gantā triprakāraṃ na gacchati nāsadbhūto 'pi gamanaṃ triprakāraṃ sa gacchati
The line
A compound: what is, and an element, a going, a goer, triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार), not goes, not asadbhūta (असद्भूत) even, a going, triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार), he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant, goes.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 2. Gatāgata (गतागत). What has gone and what has not gone. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः) + gamanaṃ (गमनं) + gantā (गन्ता) + triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) + na (न) + gacchati (गच्छति) + na (न) + asadbhūto (असद्भूतो) + api (अपि) + gamanaṃ (गमनं) + triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) + sa (स) + gacchati (गच्छति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: what is, and an element. Read it from the end |
| gamanaṃ (गमनं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a going |
| gantā (गन्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | a goer |
| triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| gacchati (गच्छति) | present, third person singular | goes |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| asadbhūto (असद्भूतो) | nominative singular, masculine | asadbhūta (असद्भूत) |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | also, even |
| gamanaṃ (गमनं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a going |
| triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार) |
| sa (स) | nominative singular, masculine | he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant |
| gacchati (गच्छति) | present, third person singular | goes |
The phrases
sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः) is a compound: what is, and an element. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it sadbhūto (सद्भूतो). gamanaṃ (गमनं) is a going. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. gantā (गन्ता) is a goer. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) is triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. gacchati (गच्छति) is goes. It stands as present, third person singular. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable.
asadbhūto (असद्भूतो) is asadbhūta (असद्भूत). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. api (अपि) is also, even. It stands as indeclinable. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. gamanaṃ (गमनं) is a going. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) is triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. sa (स) is he, that. saḥ (सः) before a consonant. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. gacchati (गच्छति) is goes. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
The apostrophe is an avagraha. It marks an a that sandhi dropped. The sitting puts that a back. The line writes it sadbhūto (सद्भूतो). The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss sad-bhūtaḥ (सद्-भूतः) and gamanaṃ (गमनं).