2.25
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 2. Gatāgata (गतागत) / 2.25
गमनं सदसद्भूतः त्रिप्रकारं न गच्छति तस्माद् गतिश् च गन्ता च गन्तव्यं च न विद्यते
gamanaṃ sadasadbhūtaḥ triprakāraṃ na gacchati tasmād gatiś ca gantā ca gantavyaṃ ca na vidyate
The line
A going, sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत), triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार), not goes, therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound, going, a course and, a goer and, gantavya (गन्तव्य) and, not is found.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 2. Gatāgata (गतागत). What has gone and what has not gone. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: gamanaṃ (गमनं) + sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः) + triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) + na (न) + gacchati (गच्छति) + tasmād (तस्माद्) + gatiḥ (गतिः) + ca (च) + gantā (गन्ता) + ca (च) + gantavyaṃ (गन्तव्यं) + ca (च) + na (न) + vidyate (विद्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gamanaṃ (गमनं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a going |
| sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः) | nominative singular, masculine | sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत) |
| triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार) |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| gacchati (गच्छति) | present, third person singular | goes |
| tasmād (तस्माद्) | indeclinable | therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound |
| gatiḥ (गतिः) | nominative singular | going, a course |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| gantā (गन्ता) | nominative singular, masculine | a goer |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| gantavyaṃ (गन्तव्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | gantavya (गन्तव्य) |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| vidyate (विद्यते) | present, third person singular | is found |
The phrases
gamanaṃ (गमनं) is a going. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः) is sadasadbhūta (सदसद्भूत). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. triprakāraṃ (त्रिप्रकारं) is triprakāra (त्रिप्रकार). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. gacchati (गच्छति) is goes. It stands as present, third person singular. tasmād (तस्माद्) is therefore. tasmāt (तस्मात्) before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. gatiḥ (गतिः) is going, a course. It stands as nominative singular. The line writes it gatiś (गतिश्).
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. gantā (गन्ता) is a goer. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. gantavyaṃ (गन्तव्यं) is gantavya (गन्तव्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. vidyate (विद्यते) is is found. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः) is nominative singular, masculine. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line writes it gatiś (गतिश्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss gamanaṃ (गमनं) and sadasadbhūtaḥ (सदसद्भूतः).