20.20
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 20. Sāmagrī (सामग्री) / 20.20
एकत्वे फलहेत्वोः स्यादैक्यं जनकजन्ययोः पृथक्त्वे फलहेत्वोः स्यात् तुल्यो हेतुरहेतुना
ekatve phalahetvoḥ syād aikyaṃ janakajanyayoḥ pṛthaktve phalahetvoḥ syāt tulyo hetur ahetunā
The line
In a compound: one, and the state of being that, of a compound: a fruit, and hetva (हेत्व), it would be. syāt (स्यात्) before a voiced sound, aikya (ऐक्य), of a compound: a person, and kajanya (कजन्य), in separateness, of a compound: a fruit, and hetva (हेत्व), it would be, let it be granted, like, equal, a reason, by means of aheta (अहेत).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 20. Sāmagrī (सामग्री). The collection of causes. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: eka-tve (एक-त्वे) + phala-hetvoḥ (फल-हेत्वोः) + syād (स्याद्) + aikyaṃ (ऐक्यं) + jana-kajanyayoḥ (जन-कजन्ययोः) + pṛthaktve (पृथक्त्वे) + phala-hetvoḥ (फल-हेत्वोः) + syāt (स्यात्) + tulyaḥ (तुल्यः) + hetuḥ (हेतुः) + ahetunā (अहेतुना)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| eka-tve (एक-त्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: one, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
| phala-hetvoḥ (फल-हेत्वोः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: a fruit, and hetva (हेत्व). Read it from the end |
| syād (स्याद्) | optative, third person singular | it would be. syāt (स्यात्) before a voiced sound |
| aikyaṃ (ऐक्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | aikya (ऐक्य) |
| jana-kajanyayoḥ (जन-कजन्ययोः) | genitive or locative dual | a compound: a person, and kajanya (कजन्य). Read it from the end |
| pṛthaktve (पृथक्त्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | separateness |
| phala-hetvoḥ (फल-हेत्वोः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: a fruit, and hetva (हेत्व). Read it from the end |
| syāt (स्यात्) | optative, third person singular | it would be, let it be granted |
| tulyaḥ (तुल्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | like, equal |
| hetuḥ (हेतुः) | nominative singular, masculine | a reason |
| ahetunā (अहेतुना) | instrumental singular | aheta (अहेत) |
The phrases
eka-tve (एक-त्वे) is a compound: one, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. phala-hetvoḥ (फल-हेत्वोः) is a compound: a fruit, and hetva (हेत्व). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. syād (स्याद्) is it would be. syāt (स्यात्) before a voiced sound. It stands as optative, third person singular. aikyaṃ (ऐक्यं) is aikya (ऐक्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. jana-kajanyayoḥ (जन-कजन्ययोः) is a compound: a person, and kajanya (कजन्य). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or locative dual. pṛthaktve (पृथक्त्वे) is separateness. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
phala-hetvoḥ (फल-हेत्वोः) is a compound: a fruit, and hetva (हेत्व). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. syāt (स्यात्) is it would be, let it be granted. It stands as optative, third person singular. tulyaḥ (तुल्यः) is like, equal. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it tulyo. hetuḥ (हेतुः) is a reason. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it hetur. ahetunā (अहेतुना) is aheta (अहेत). It stands as instrumental singular.
Sanskrit in this line
jana-kajanyayoḥ (जन-कजन्ययोः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it tulyo. The line writes it hetur.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss eka-tve (एक-त्वे) and phala-hetvoḥ (फल-हेत्वोः).