20.21
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 20. Sāmagrī (सामग्री) / 20.21
फलं स्वभावसद्भूतं किं हेतुर् जनयिष्यति फलं स्वभावासद्भूतं किं हेतुर् जनयिष्यति
phalaṃ svabhāvasadbhūtaṃ kiṃ hetur janayiṣyati phalaṃ svabhāvāsadbhūtaṃ kiṃ hetur janayiṣyati
The line
The fruit, a compound: an own-nature, what is, and an element, what, a reason, in a compound: a person, and yiṣyata (यिष्यत), the fruit, svabhāvāsadbhūta (स्वभावासद्भूत), what, a reason, in a compound: a person, and yiṣyata (यिष्यत).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 20. Sāmagrī (सामग्री). The collection of causes. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: phalaṃ (फलं) + svabhāva-sad-bhūtaṃ (स्वभाव-सद्-भूतं) + kiṃ (किं) + hetuḥ (हेतुः) + jana-yiṣyati (जन-यिष्यति) + phalaṃ (फलं) + svabhāvāsadbhūtaṃ (स्वभावासद्भूतं) + kiṃ (किं) + hetuḥ (हेतुः) + jana-yiṣyati (जन-यिष्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| phalaṃ (फलं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the fruit |
| svabhāva-sad-bhūtaṃ (स्वभाव-सद्-भूतं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a compound: an own-nature, what is, and an element. Read it from the end |
| kiṃ (किं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | what |
| hetuḥ (हेतुः) | nominative singular, masculine | a reason |
| jana-yiṣyati (जन-यिष्यति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a compound: a person, and yiṣyata (यिष्यत). Read it from the end |
| phalaṃ (फलं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | the fruit |
| svabhāvāsadbhūtaṃ (स्वभावासद्भूतं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | svabhāvāsadbhūta (स्वभावासद्भूत) |
| kiṃ (किं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | what |
| hetuḥ (हेतुः) | nominative singular, masculine | a reason |
| jana-yiṣyati (जन-यिष्यति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a compound: a person, and yiṣyata (यिष्यत). Read it from the end |
The phrases
phalaṃ (फलं) is the fruit. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. svabhāva-sad-bhūtaṃ (स्वभाव-सद्-भूतं) is a compound: an own-nature, what is, and an element. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. kiṃ (किं) is what. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. hetuḥ (हेतुः) is a reason. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it hetur. jana-yiṣyati (जन-यिष्यति) is a compound: a person, and yiṣyata (यिष्यत). Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular.
phalaṃ (फलं) is the fruit. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. svabhāvāsadbhūtaṃ (स्वभावासद्भूतं) is svabhāvāsadbhūta (स्वभावासद्भूत). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. kiṃ (किं) is what. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. hetuḥ (हेतुः) is a reason. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it hetur. jana-yiṣyati (जन-यिष्यति) is a compound: a person, and yiṣyata (यिष्यत). Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
svabhāva-sad-bhūtaṃ (स्वभाव-सद्-भूतं) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it hetur. The line writes it hetur.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss phalaṃ (फलं) and svabhāva-sad-bhūtaṃ (स्वभाव-सद्-भूतं).