23.23
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास) / 23.23
एवं निरुध्यतेऽविद्या विपर्ययनिरोधनातविद्यायां निरुद्धायां संस्काराद्यं निरुध्यते
evaṃ nirudhyate 'vidyā viparyayanirodhanāt avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārādyaṃ nirudhyate
The line
Thus, is stopped, not-knowing, because of a compound: the reverse, stilling, and not, a compound: not-knowing, and yāṃa (यांअ), of niruddhāya (निरुद्धाय), saṃskārādya (संस्काराद्य), is stopped.
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास). The reversals, taking the impure for the pure and the rest. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: evaṃ (एवं) + nirudhyate (निरुध्यते) + avidyā (अविद्या) + viparyaya-nirodha-nāt (विपर्यय-निरोध-नात्) + avidyā-yāṃa (अविद्या-यांअ) + niruddhāyāṃ (निरुद्धायां) + saṃskārādyaṃ (संस्काराद्यं) + nirudhyate (निरुध्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| evaṃ (एवं) | indeclinable | in this way |
| nirudhyate (निरुध्यते) | present, third person singular | is stopped |
| avidyā (अविद्या) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | not-knowing |
| viparyaya-nirodha-nāt (विपर्यय-निरोध-नात्) | ablative singular | a compound: the reverse, stilling, and not. Read it from the end |
| avidyā-yāṃa (अविद्या-यांअ) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: not-knowing, and yāṃa (यांअ). Read it from the end |
| niruddhāyāṃ (निरुद्धायां) | genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine | niruddhāya (निरुद्धाय) |
| saṃskārādyaṃ (संस्काराद्यं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | saṃskārādya (संस्काराद्य) |
| nirudhyate (निरुध्यते) | present, third person singular | is stopped |
The phrases
evaṃ (एवं) is in this way. It stands as indeclinable. nirudhyate (निरुध्यते) is is stopped. It stands as present, third person singular. avidyā (अविद्या) is not-knowing. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. viparyaya-nirodha-nāt (विपर्यय-निरोध-नात्) is a compound: the reverse, stilling, and not. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
avidyā-yāṃa (अविद्या-यांअ) is a compound: not-knowing, and yāṃa (यांअ). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. niruddhāyāṃ (निरुद्धायां) is niruddhāya (निरुद्धाय). It stands as genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine. saṃskārādyaṃ (संस्काराद्यं) is saṃskārādya (संस्काराद्य). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. nirudhyate (निरुध्यते) is is stopped. It stands as present, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
viparyaya-nirodha-nāt (विपर्यय-निरोध-नात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss nirudhyate (निरुध्यते) and avidyā (अविद्या).