23.24
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास) / 23.24
यदि भूताः स्वभावेन क्लेशाः केचिद् धि कस्यचित् कथं नाम प्रहीयेरन् कः स्वभावं प्रहास्यति
yadi bhūtāḥ svabhāvena kleśāḥ kecid dhi kasyacit kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran kaḥ svabhāvaṃ prahāsyati
The line
If, an element, by means of an own-nature, an affliction, who, some. cit before a voiced sound, in a thought, of of whom, some, at all, how, indeed, by name, prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्), who, an own-nature, in prahāsyata (प्रहास्यत).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास). The reversals, taking the impure for the pure and the rest. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: yadi (यदि) + bhūtāḥ (भूताः) + svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) + kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) + ke (के) + cid (चिद्) + dhi (धि) + kasya (कस्य) + cit (चित्) + kathaṃ (कथं) + nāma (नाम) + prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्) + kaḥ (कः) + svabhāvaṃ (स्वभावं) + prahāsyati (प्रहास्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yadi (यदि) | indeclinable | if |
| bhūtāḥ (भूताः) | nominative plural | an element |
| svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) | instrumental singular | an own-nature |
| kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) | nominative plural | an affliction |
| ke (के) | nominative plural | who |
| cid (चिद्) | indeclinable | some. cit before a voiced sound |
| dhi (धि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a thought |
| kasya (कस्य) | genitive singular | of whom |
| cit (चित्) | indeclinable | some, at all |
| kathaṃ (कथं) | indeclinable | how |
| nāma (नाम) | indeclinable | indeed, by name |
| prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| kaḥ (कः) | nominative singular, masculine | who |
| svabhāvaṃ (स्वभावं) | accusative singular, masculine | an own-nature |
| prahāsyati (प्रहास्यति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | prahāsyata (प्रहास्यत) |
The phrases
yadi (यदि) is if. It stands as indeclinable. bhūtāḥ (भूताः) is an element. It stands as nominative plural. svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) is an own-nature. It stands as instrumental singular. kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) is an affliction. It stands as nominative plural. ke (के) is who. It stands as nominative plural. cid (चिद्) is some. cit before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as kecid. dhi (धि) is a thought. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. kasya (कस्य) is of whom. It stands as genitive singular.
cit (चित्) is some, at all. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as kasyacit. kathaṃ (कथं) is how. It stands as indeclinable. nāma (नाम) is indeed, by name. It stands as indeclinable. prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. kaḥ (कः) is who. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. svabhāvaṃ (स्वभावं) is an own-nature. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. prahāsyati (प्रहास्यति) is prahāsyata (प्रहास्यत). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) is instrumental singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line joins them as kecid. The line joins them as kasyacit.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss bhūtāḥ (भूताः) and svabhāvena (स्वभावेन).