23.25
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā / 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास) / 23.25
यद्यभूताः स्वभावेन क्लेशाः केचिद् धि कस्यचित् कथं नाम प्रहीयेरन् कोऽसद्भावं प्रहास्यति
yady abhūtāḥ svabhāvena kleśāḥ kecid dhi kasyacit kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran ko 'sadbhāvaṃ prahāsyati
The line
If. yadi before a vowel, abhūta (अभूत), by means of an own-nature, an affliction, who, some. cit before a voiced sound, in a thought, of of whom, some, at all, how, indeed, by name, prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्), who. kaḥ (कः) before a voiced sound, asadbhāva (असद्भाव), in prahāsyata (प्रहास्यत).
Where it sits
In Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (मूलमध्यमककारिका), chapter 23. Viparyāsa (विपर्यास). The reversals, taking the impure for the pure and the rest. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: yady (यद्य्) + abhūtāḥ (अभूताः) + svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) + kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) + ke (के) + cid (चिद्) + dhi (धि) + kasya (कस्य) + cit (चित्) + kathaṃ (कथं) + nāma (नाम) + prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्) + ko (को) + asadbhāvaṃ (असद्भावं) + prahāsyati (प्रहास्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yady (यद्य्) | indeclinable | if. yadi before a vowel |
| abhūtāḥ (अभूताः) | nominative plural | abhūta (अभूत) |
| svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) | instrumental singular | an own-nature |
| kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) | nominative plural | an affliction |
| ke (के) | nominative plural | who |
| cid (चिद्) | indeclinable | some. cit before a voiced sound |
| dhi (धि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a thought |
| kasya (कस्य) | genitive singular | of whom |
| cit (चित्) | indeclinable | some, at all |
| kathaṃ (कथं) | indeclinable | how |
| nāma (नाम) | indeclinable | indeed, by name |
| prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| ko (को) | nominative singular, masculine | who. kaḥ (कः) before a voiced sound |
| asadbhāvaṃ (असद्भावं) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | asadbhāva (असद्भाव) |
| prahāsyati (प्रहास्यति) | locative singular, or nominative singular | prahāsyata (प्रहास्यत) |
The phrases
yady (यद्य्) is if. yadi before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. abhūtāḥ (अभूताः) is abhūta (अभूत). It stands as nominative plural. svabhāvena (स्वभावेन) is an own-nature. It stands as instrumental singular. kleśāḥ (क्लेशाः) is an affliction. It stands as nominative plural. ke (के) is who. It stands as nominative plural. cid (चिद्) is some. cit before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as kecid. dhi (धि) is a thought. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. kasya (कस्य) is of whom. It stands as genitive singular.
cit (चित्) is some, at all. It stands as indeclinable. The line joins them as kasyacit. kathaṃ (कथं) is how. It stands as indeclinable. nāma (नाम) is indeed, by name. It stands as indeclinable. prahīyeran (प्रहीयेरन्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. ko (को) is who. kaḥ (कः) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. asadbhāvaṃ (असद्भावं) is asadbhāva (असद्भाव). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. prahāsyati (प्रहास्यति) is prahāsyata (प्रहास्यत). It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
The apostrophe is an avagraha. It marks an a that sandhi dropped. The sitting puts that a back. The line joins them as kecid. The line joins them as kasyacit. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss abhūtāḥ (अभूताः) and svabhāvena (स्वभावेन).